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other:python:jyp_steps [2018/09/04 12:43]
jypeter [Matplotlib] added note about colors
other:python:jyp_steps [2019/03/18 14:03]
jypeter [Quick Reference and cheat sheets]
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     - a Matplotlib //Figure// is a graphical window in which you make your plots... ​     - a Matplotlib //Figure// is a graphical window in which you make your plots... ​
     - a Matplotlib //Axis// is a plot inside a Figure... [[http://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​usage_faq.html#​parts-of-a-figure|More details]]     - a Matplotlib //Axis// is a plot inside a Figure... [[http://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​usage_faq.html#​parts-of-a-figure|More details]]
 +    - some resources for having multiple plots on the same figure
 +      * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​gallery/​recipes/​create_subplots.html#​sphx-glr-gallery-recipes-create-subplots-py|Easily creating subplots]]
 +      * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​gallery/​index.html#​subplots-axes-and-figures|Subplots,​ axes and figures]] gallery
 +      * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​tutorials/​intermediate/​gridspec.html#​sphx-glr-tutorials-intermediate-gridspec-py|Customizing Figure Layouts Using GridSpec and Other Functions]],​ [[https://​matplotlib.org/​tutorials/​intermediate/​constrainedlayout_guide.html|constrained layout]] and [[https://​matplotlib.org/​tutorials/​intermediate/​tight_layout_guide.html|tight layout]]
 +      * [[http://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​usage_faq.html#​parts-of-a-figure|parts of a figure]]
     - some examples are more //​pythonic//​ (ie object oriented) than others, some example mix different styles of coding, all this can be confusing. Try to [[http://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​usage_faq.html#​coding-styles|use an object oriented way of doing things]]!     - some examples are more //​pythonic//​ (ie object oriented) than others, some example mix different styles of coding, all this can be confusing. Try to [[http://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​usage_faq.html#​coding-styles|use an object oriented way of doing things]]!
-    - it may be hard to (remember how to) work with colors. Some examples from the [[|Gallery]] can help you!+    - it may be hard to (remember how to) work with colors. Some examples from the [[http://​matplotlib.org/​gallery.html|Gallery]] can help you!
       * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​pylab_examples/​leftventricle_bulleye.html|leftventricle_bulleye.py]]:​ associating different types of colormaps to a plot and colorbar       * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​pylab_examples/​leftventricle_bulleye.html|leftventricle_bulleye.py]]:​ associating different types of colormaps to a plot and colorbar
       * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​api/​colorbar_only.html|colorbar_only.py]]:​ the different types of colorbars (or plotting only a colorbar)       * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​api/​colorbar_only.html|colorbar_only.py]]:​ the different types of colorbars (or plotting only a colorbar)
       * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​color/​colormaps_reference.html|colormaps_reference.py]]:​ pre-defined colormaps       * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​color/​colormaps_reference.html|colormaps_reference.py]]:​ pre-defined colormaps
       * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​color/​named_colors.html|named_colors.py]]:​ named colors       * [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​color/​named_colors.html|named_colors.py]]:​ named colors
-    ​- sometimes the results of the python/​matplolib commands are displayed ​directly, sometimes not. It depends if you are in [[http://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​usage_faq.html#​what-is-interactive-mode|interactive or non-interactive]] mode+      * More details about the colors below, in the [[#​graphics_related_resources|Resources section]] 
 +    ​- sometimes the results of the python/​matplolib commands are displayed ​immediately, sometimes not. It depends if you are in [[http://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​usage_faq.html#​what-is-interactive-mode|interactive or non-interactive]] mode 
 +    - if your matplotlib is executed in a batch script, it will generate an error when trying to create (''​show()''​) a plot, because matplotlib expects to be able to display the figure on a screen by default. 
 +      * Check how you can [[https://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​howto_faq.html?​highlight=web#​generate-images-without-having-a-window-appear|generate images offline]]
     - the documentation may mention [[http://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​usage_faq.html#​what-is-a-backend|backends]]. What?? Basically, you use python commands to create a plot, and the backend is the //thing// that will render your plot on the screen or in a file (png, pdf, etc...)     - the documentation may mention [[http://​matplotlib.org/​faq/​usage_faq.html#​what-is-a-backend|backends]]. What?? Basically, you use python commands to create a plot, and the backend is the //thing// that will render your plot on the screen or in a file (png, pdf, etc...)
     - if you don't see a part of what you have plotted, maybe it's hidden behind other elements! Use the [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​pylab_examples/​zorder_demo.html|zorder parameter]] to explicitly specify the plotting order/​layers     - if you don't see a part of what you have plotted, maybe it's hidden behind other elements! Use the [[https://​matplotlib.org/​examples/​pylab_examples/​zorder_demo.html|zorder parameter]] to explicitly specify the plotting order/​layers
   - Read the [[http://​www.labri.fr/​perso/​nrougier/​teaching/​matplotlib/​|Matplotlib tutorial by Nicolas Rougier]]   - Read the [[http://​www.labri.fr/​perso/​nrougier/​teaching/​matplotlib/​|Matplotlib tutorial by Nicolas Rougier]]
   - Download the [[http://​matplotlib.org/​contents.html|pdf version of the manual]]. **Do not print** the 2800+ pages of the manual! Read the beginner'​s guide (Chapter //FIVE// of //Part II//) and have a super quick look at the table of contents of the whole document.   - Download the [[http://​matplotlib.org/​contents.html|pdf version of the manual]]. **Do not print** the 2800+ pages of the manual! Read the beginner'​s guide (Chapter //FIVE// of //Part II//) and have a super quick look at the table of contents of the whole document.
 +
 +==== Misc Matplotlib tricks ====
 +
 +  * Specifying the background color of a plot (e.g. when plotting a masked variable and you don't want the masked areas to be white)
 +    * ''#​ make the background dark gray (call this before the contourf)''​\\ ''​plt.gca().patch.set_color('​.25'​)''​\\ ''​plt.contourf(d)''​\\ ''​plt.show()''​
 +    * [[https://​stackoverflow.com/​questions/​9797520/​masking-part-of-a-contourf-plot-in-matplotlib|trick source]]
  
 ===== Graphics related resources ===== ===== Graphics related resources =====
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 This is **a really nice and useful document** that is regularly updated and used for the [[https://​www.euroscipy.org/​|EuroScipy]] tutorials. You will learn more things about python, numpy and matplotlib, debugging and optimizing scripts, and also learn about using python for statistics, image processing, machine learning, washing dishes (this is just to check if you have read this page), etc... This is **a really nice and useful document** that is regularly updated and used for the [[https://​www.euroscipy.org/​|EuroScipy]] tutorials. You will learn more things about python, numpy and matplotlib, debugging and optimizing scripts, and also learn about using python for statistics, image processing, machine learning, washing dishes (this is just to check if you have read this page), etc...
  
-===== Quick Reference =====+===== Quick Reference ​and cheat sheets ​=====
  
   * The nice and convenient Python 2.7 Quick Reference: [[http://​rgruet.free.fr/​PQR27/​PQR2.7_printing_a4.pdf|pdf]] - [[http://​rgruet.free.fr/​PQR27/​PQR2.7.html|html]]   * The nice and convenient Python 2.7 Quick Reference: [[http://​rgruet.free.fr/​PQR27/​PQR2.7_printing_a4.pdf|pdf]] - [[http://​rgruet.free.fr/​PQR27/​PQR2.7.html|html]]
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   * Python 3 [[https://​perso.limsi.fr/​pointal/​python:​abrege|Quick reference]] and [[https://​perso.limsi.fr/​pointal/​python:​memento|Cheat sheet]]   * Python 3 [[https://​perso.limsi.fr/​pointal/​python:​abrege|Quick reference]] and [[https://​perso.limsi.fr/​pointal/​python:​memento|Cheat sheet]]
  
 +  * [[https://​www.cheatography.com/​weidadeyue/​cheat-sheets/​jupyter-notebook/​pdf_bw/​|Jupyter Notebook Keyboard Shortcuts]]
 +
 +===== Misc tutorials =====
 +
 +  * [[https://​pyformat.info/​|PyFormat]]:​ //With this site we try to show you the most common use-cases covered by the old and new style string formatting API with practical examples//
 ===== Some good coding tips ===== ===== Some good coding tips =====
  
other/python/jyp_steps.txt · Last modified: 2024/03/07 10:15 by jypeter