other:python:matplotlib_by_jyp
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other:python:matplotlib_by_jyp [2020/12/14 14:55] jypeter [Useful matplotlib reference pages] Added details to the titles |
other:python:matplotlib_by_jyp [2023/10/26 08:39] (current) jypeter [Useful matplotlib reference pages] |
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| ====== Working with matplotlib (JYP version) ====== | ====== Working with matplotlib (JYP version) ====== | ||
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| + | <note tip>Note: [[https://matplotlib.org/cheatsheets/|Matplotlib cheatsheets]] ([[https://github.com/matplotlib/cheatsheets#cheatsheets-for-matplotlib-users|pdf version]])</note> | ||
| **Summary**: there are lots of python libraries that you can use for plotting, but Matplotlib has become a //de facto// standard | **Summary**: there are lots of python libraries that you can use for plotting, but Matplotlib has become a //de facto// standard | ||
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| <wrap hi>A good way to start with matplotlib</wrap> is to quickly read this section, practice, and read this section again (and again) | <wrap hi>A good way to start with matplotlib</wrap> is to quickly read this section, practice, and read this section again (and again) | ||
| - | - Have a quick look at the [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/index.html|matplotlib gallery]] to get an idea of all you can do with matplotlib. Later, when you need to plot something, go back to the gallery to find some examples that are close to what you need and click on them to view their source code | + | - Have a quick look at the [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/index.html|matplotlib gallery]] to get an idea of all you can do with matplotlib. Later, when you need to plot something, go back to the gallery to find some examples that are close to what you need and click on them to view their source code |
| * some examples are more //pythonic// (ie object oriented) than others, and some examples mix different styles of coding, which can be quite confusing. Try to [[http://matplotlib.org/faq/usage_faq.html#coding-styles|use an object oriented way of doing things]]! | * some examples are more //pythonic// (ie object oriented) than others, and some examples mix different styles of coding, which can be quite confusing. Try to [[http://matplotlib.org/faq/usage_faq.html#coding-styles|use an object oriented way of doing things]]! | ||
| - Use the free hints provided by JY! | - Use the free hints provided by JY! | ||
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| * if you need several display windows at the same time, create several figures!\\ <code>win_1 = plt.figure() | * if you need several display windows at the same time, create several figures!\\ <code>win_1 = plt.figure() | ||
| win_2 = plt.figure()</code> | win_2 = plt.figure()</code> | ||
| - | * the [[http://matplotlib.org/faq/usage_faq.html#parts-of-a-figure|parts of a figure]] are usually positioned in //normalized coordinates//: ''(0, 0)'' is the bottom left of the figure, and ''(1, 1)'' is the top right | + | * the [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/showcase/anatomy.html|parts of a figure]] are usually positioned in //normalized coordinates//: ''(0, 0)'' is the bottom left of the figure, and ''(1, 1)'' is the top right |
| * You don't really specify the **page orientation** (//portrait// or //landscape//) of a plot. If you want a portrait plot, it's up to you to create a plot that will look higher than it is large. The idea is not to worry about this and just check the final resulting plot: create a plot, save it, display the resulting png/pdf and then adjust the creation script | * You don't really specify the **page orientation** (//portrait// or //landscape//) of a plot. If you want a portrait plot, it's up to you to create a plot that will look higher than it is large. The idea is not to worry about this and just check the final resulting plot: create a plot, save it, display the resulting png/pdf and then adjust the creation script | ||
| * If you do have an idea of the layout of what you want to plot, it may be easier to explicitly specify the figure size/ratio at creation time, and then try to //fill// the normalized coordinates space of the figure | * If you do have an idea of the layout of what you want to plot, it may be easier to explicitly specify the figure size/ratio at creation time, and then try to //fill// the normalized coordinates space of the figure | ||
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| * The specified ''width'' and ''height'' are supposed to be in inches (1 inch = 2.54 cm) | * The specified ''width'' and ''height'' are supposed to be in inches (1 inch = 2.54 cm) | ||
| * ''my_page = plt.figure(figsize=(8.3, 11.7))'': create a figure that will theoretically fill an A4 size page in portrait mode (check [[https://www.papersizes.org/a-paper-sizes.htm|Dimensions Of A Series Paper Sizes]] if you need more details about standard paper sizes) | * ''my_page = plt.figure(figsize=(8.3, 11.7))'': create a figure that will theoretically fill an A4 size page in portrait mode (check [[https://www.papersizes.org/a-paper-sizes.htm|Dimensions Of A Series Paper Sizes]] if you need more details about standard paper sizes) | ||
| - | * a Matplotlib **//Axis//** is a **plot** inside a Figure... [[http://matplotlib.org/faq/usage_faq.html#parts-of-a-figure|More details]] | + | * a Matplotlib **//Axes//** (not to be confused with an //**axis**//) is a **(sub-)plot** inside a Figure... [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/axes_api.html|(much) More details]] |
| * reserve space for **one plot** that will use most of the available area of the figure/page: | * reserve space for **one plot** that will use most of the available area of the figure/page: | ||
| * ''my_plot = my_page.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)'' or ''my_plot = my_page.subplot**s**()'' | * ''my_plot = my_page.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)'' or ''my_plot = my_page.subplot**s**()'' | ||
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| * ''my_plot.clear()'' or ''my_plot.cla()'': clear the (current) axis | * ''my_plot.clear()'' or ''my_plot.cla()'': clear the (current) axis | ||
| - some resources for having multiple plots on the same figure | - some resources for having multiple plots on the same figure | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/recipes/create_subplots.html#sphx-glr-gallery-recipes-create-subplots-py|Easily creating subplots]] | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/recipes/create_subplots.html|Easily creating subplots]] |
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot|fig.add_subplot(...)]] | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot|fig.add_subplot(...)]] | ||
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes|fig.add_axes(...)]] | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes|fig.add_axes(...)]] | ||
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot.html|plt.subplot(...)]] | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot.html|plt.subplot(...)]] | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html|plt.subplots(...)]] with an **s** at the end ([[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/subplots_axes_and_figures/subplots_demo.html|demo]]) | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html|plt.subplots(...)]] with an **s** at the end ([[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/subplots_axes_and_figures/subplots_demo.html|demo]]) |
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots_adjust.html|subplots_adjust]] can be used to change the overall boundaries of the subplots on the figure, and the spacing between the subplots\\ ''plt.subplots_adjust(left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None, wspace=None, hspace=None)''\\ or ''my_page.subplots_adjust(left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None, wspace=None, hspace=None)'' | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots_adjust.html|subplots_adjust]] can be used to change the overall boundaries of the subplots on the figure, and the spacing between the subplots\\ ''plt.subplots_adjust(left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None, wspace=None, hspace=None)''\\ or ''my_page.subplots_adjust(left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None, wspace=None, hspace=None)'' | ||
| * ''hspace''/''wspace'' is the amount of height/width between the subplots | * ''hspace''/''wspace'' is the amount of height/width between the subplots | ||
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| - Get the current size information: ''pl_x_bottomleft, pl_y_bottomleft, pl_width, pl_height = my_plot.get_position().bounds'' | - Get the current size information: ''pl_x_bottomleft, pl_y_bottomleft, pl_width, pl_height = my_plot.get_position().bounds'' | ||
| - Set the new size: e.g reduce the height with ''my_plot.set_position( (pl_x_bottomleft, pl_y_bottomleft, pl_width, pl_height * 0.5) )'' | - Set the new size: e.g reduce the height with ''my_plot.set_position( (pl_x_bottomleft, pl_y_bottomleft, pl_width, pl_height * 0.5) )'' | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/index.html#subplots-axes-and-figures|Subplots, axes and figures]] gallery | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/index.html#subplots-axes-and-figures|Subplots, axes and figures]] gallery |
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/intermediate/gridspec.html#sphx-glr-tutorials-intermediate-gridspec-py|Customizing Figure Layouts Using GridSpec and Other Functions]], [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/intermediate/constrainedlayout_guide.html|constrained layout]] and [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/intermediate/tight_layout_guide.html|tight layout]] | * [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/intermediate/gridspec.html#sphx-glr-tutorials-intermediate-gridspec-py|Customizing Figure Layouts Using GridSpec and Other Functions]], [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/intermediate/constrainedlayout_guide.html|constrained layout]] and [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/intermediate/tight_layout_guide.html|tight layout]] | ||
| - use [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.savefig.html|my_page.savefig(...)]] to save a figure | - use [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.savefig.html|my_page.savefig(...)]] to save a figure | ||
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| * ''my_page.savefig('my_plot.png', dpi=200, transparent=True, bbox_inches='tight')'': save the figure to a png file at a higher resolution than the default (default is 100 dots per inch), with a transparent background and no extra space around the figure | * ''my_page.savefig('my_plot.png', dpi=200, transparent=True, bbox_inches='tight')'': save the figure to a png file at a higher resolution than the default (default is 100 dots per inch), with a transparent background and no extra space around the figure | ||
| - **display** the figure and its plots, and **start interacting** (zooming, panning...) with them:\\ ''plt.show()'' | - **display** the figure and its plots, and **start interacting** (zooming, panning...) with them:\\ ''plt.show()'' | ||
| - | - it may be hard to (remember how to) **work with colors //and colorbars//**. Some examples from the [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/index.html|matplotlib Gallery]] can help you!\\ Note: A **reversed version of each colormap** is available by appending ''_r'' to the name, e.g., ''viridis_r'' | + | - it may be hard to (remember how to) **work with colors //and colorbars//**. Some examples from the [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/index.html#color|matplotlib Gallery]] can help you!\\ Note: A **reversed version of each colormap** is available by appending ''_r'' to the name, e.g., ''viridis_r'' |
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/specialty_plots/leftventricle_bulleye.html|leftventricle_bulleye.py]]: associating different types of colormaps to a plot and colorbar | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/specialty_plots/leftventricle_bulleye.html|leftventricle_bulleye.py]]: associating different types of colormaps to a plot and colorbar |
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/examples/api/colorbar_only.html|colorbar_only.py]]: the different types of colorbars (or plotting only a colorbar) | * [[https://matplotlib.org/examples/api/colorbar_only.html|colorbar_only.py]]: the different types of colorbars (or plotting only a colorbar) | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/color/colormap_reference.html|colormaps_reference.py]]: pre-defined colormaps | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/color/colormap_reference.html|colormaps_reference.py]]: pre-defined colormaps |
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/color/named_colors.html|named_colors.py]]: named colors | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/color/named_colors.html|named_colors.py]]: named colors |
| * More details about colors and colorbars below, in the [[#useful_matplotlib_reference_pages|Useful matplotlib reference pages]] section and the [[#graphics_related_resources|Graphics related resources]] section | * More details about colors and colorbars below, in the [[#useful_matplotlib_reference_pages|Useful matplotlib reference pages]] section and the [[#graphics_related_resources|Graphics related resources]] section | ||
| - if you don't see a part of what you have plotted, maybe it's hidden behind other elements! Use the [[https://matplotlib.org/examples/pylab_examples/zorder_demo.html|zorder parameter]] to explicitly **specify the plotting order/layers/depth** | - if you don't see a part of what you have plotted, maybe it's hidden behind other elements! Use the [[https://matplotlib.org/examples/pylab_examples/zorder_demo.html|zorder parameter]] to explicitly **specify the plotting order/layers/depth** | ||
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| * The ''plot'' function will be faster for scatterplots where markers don't vary in size or color | * The ''plot'' function will be faster for scatterplots where markers don't vary in size or color | ||
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.contourf.html|contour(...) and contourf(...)]]: draw contour lines and filled contours | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.contourf.html|contour(...) and contourf(...)]]: draw contour lines and filled contours | ||
| - | * **X and Y axes parameters** (see also [[https://matplotlib.org/examples/showcase/anatomy.html|Anatomy of a figure]]): | + | * **X and Y axes parameters** (see also [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/showcase/anatomy.html|Anatomy of a figure]]): |
| * **Axis range**: ''my_plot.set_xlim(x_leftmost_value, x_rightmost_value)'' | * **Axis range**: ''my_plot.set_xlim(x_leftmost_value, x_rightmost_value)'' | ||
| * Use the leftmost and rightmost values to specify the orientation of the axis (i.e the rightmost value can be smaller than the leftmost) | * Use the leftmost and rightmost values to specify the orientation of the axis (i.e the rightmost value can be smaller than the leftmost) | ||
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| * [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35479508/cartopy-set-xlabel-set-ylabel-not-ticklabels|Trick source]] | * [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35479508/cartopy-set-xlabel-set-ylabel-not-ticklabels|Trick source]] | ||
| * Trick needs to be used with ''cartopy 0.17.0''\\ Remember to update/remove this information in the future | * Trick needs to be used with ''cartopy 0.17.0''\\ Remember to update/remove this information in the future | ||
| - | * Major (and minor) **tick marks location**: ''my_plot.set_xticks(x_ticks_values, minor=False)'' | + | * Major (and minor) **tick marks location**: ''my_plot.set_xticks(x_ticks_values, minor=False)'' ([[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticks.html|set_xticks]]) |
| * Use an empty list if you don't want tick marks: ''my_plot.set_xticks([])'' | * Use an empty list if you don't want tick marks: ''my_plot.set_xticks([])'' | ||
| - | * **Tick labels** (if you don't want the default values): ''my_plot.set_xticklabels(x_ticks_labels, minor=False, fontsize=ticklabels_fontsize)'' | + | * **Tick labels**: ''my_plot.set_xticklabels(x_tick_labels, minor=False, fontsize=ticklabels_fontsize)'' ([[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels.html|set_xticklabels]]) |
| - | * ''x_ticks_labels'' is a list of strings that has the same length as ''x_ticks_values''. Use an empty string in the positions where you don't want a label | + | * If you do not specify labels, the //default labels// will just be the values specifying the ticks' location |
| + | * ''x_tick_labels'' is a list of strings that has the same length as ''x_ticks_values''.\\ Use an empty string in the positions where you don't want a label | ||
| + | * The default numerical labels may be too long, due to numerical approximations. You can try to explicitly round the values, or generate correct label strings from the values\\ <code>>>> x_tick_values = np.arange(0, 1, 0.2) | ||
| + | >>> x_tick_values.tolist() | ||
| + | [0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6000000000000001, 0.8] | ||
| + | >>> x_tick_values.round(decimals=1).tolist() | ||
| + | [0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8] | ||
| + | >>> x_tick_labels = [ '%.1f' % (t_val,) for t_val in x_tick_values ] | ||
| + | >>> x_tick_labels | ||
| + | ['0.0', '0.2', '0.4', '0.6', '0.8'] | ||
| + | >>> x_tick_labels[0] = 'START' | ||
| + | >>> x_tick_labels[-1] = 'END' | ||
| + | >>> x_tick_labels | ||
| + | ['START', '0.2', '0.4', '0.6', 'END'] | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | * You can also use fancy [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/ticks_and_spines/tick-formatters.html|tick formatters]] | ||
| * Many more options for ticks, labels, orientation, ... | * Many more options for ticks, labels, orientation, ... | ||
| * **Grid lines**: | * **Grid lines**: | ||
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| * ''mpl.rcParams['lines.linewidth']'' => 1.5 | * ''mpl.rcParams['lines.linewidth']'' => 1.5 | ||
| * Other marker attributes. For ''plot'', all the markers have the same attributes, and for ''scatter'' the attributes can be the same, or specified for each marker | * Other marker attributes. For ''plot'', all the markers have the same attributes, and for ''scatter'' the attributes can be the same, or specified for each marker | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.plot.html|plot(...)]]: //fmt// (see documentation) or ''marker'' and ''markerfacecolor''/''mfc'' (and ''markerfacecoloralt''/''mfcalt'' for dual color markers), ''markersize'', ''markeredgewidth''/''mew'', ''markeredgecolor'' (use ''markeredgecolor='none''' if you don't want to plot the edge of the markers), ''fillstyle'' (''full'', ''None'', [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/marker_fillstyle_reference.html|other]]) | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.plot.html|plot(...)]]: //fmt// (see documentation) or ''marker'' and ''markerfacecolor''/''mfc'' (and ''markerfacecoloralt''/''mfcalt'' for dual color markers), ''markersize'', ''markeredgewidth''/''mew'', ''markeredgecolor'' (use ''markeredgecolor='none''' if you don't want to plot the edge of the markers), ''fillstyle'' (''full'', ''None'', [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/marker_reference.htm|other]]) |
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.scatter.html|scatter(...)]]: ''marker'' (marker type), ''c'' (color), ''s'' (size), ''linewidths'' (linewidth of the marker edges), ''edgecolors'' | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.scatter.html|scatter(...)]]: ''marker'' (marker type), ''c'' (color), ''s'' (size), ''linewidths'' (linewidth of the marker edges), ''edgecolors'' | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/colors_api.html|colors]] and colormaps | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/colors_api.html|colors]] and colormaps |
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/color/color_demo.html|color demo]] | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/color/color_demo.html|color demo]] |
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/examples/color/named_colors.html|named colors]] | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/color/named_colors.html#sphx-glr-gallery-color-named-colors-py|named colors]] |
| + | * [[https://www.w3schools.com/colors/colors_picker.asp|HTML color picker]] and different ways of choosing colors | ||
| * Reverting the colors: add ''_r'' at the end of the colormap name | * Reverting the colors: add ''_r'' at the end of the colormap name | ||
| * Number of colors in the //my_cmap// colormap (usually 256): ''my_cmap.N'' | * Number of colors in the //my_cmap// colormap (usually 256): ''my_cmap.N'' | ||
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| * ''my_cmap.set_over(color='k')'': color to be used for //high out-of-range values// **if** ''extend'' is specified and is //'both'// or //'max'//. Default color is ''my_cmap(my_cmap.N - 1)'' | * ''my_cmap.set_over(color='k')'': color to be used for //high out-of-range values// **if** ''extend'' is specified and is //'both'// or //'max'//. Default color is ''my_cmap(my_cmap.N - 1)'' | ||
| * ''my_cmap.set_under(color='k')'': color to be used for //low out-of-range values// **if** ''extend'' is specified and is //'both'// or //'min'//. Default color is ''my_cmap(0)'' | * ''my_cmap.set_under(color='k')'': color to be used for //low out-of-range values// **if** ''extend'' is specified and is //'both'// or //'min'//. Default color is ''my_cmap(0)'' | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar|colorbar]] | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar|colorbar]] (see also the [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/colorbar_api.html|colorbar api]]) |
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/subplots_axes_and_figures/colorbar_placement.html|Placing colorbars demo]] | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/subplots_axes_and_figures/colorbar_placement.html|Placing colorbars demo]] |
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/images_contours_and_fields/contourf_demo.html|contourf + colorbar demo]] | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/images_contours_and_fields/contourf_demo.html|contourf + colorbar demo]] |
| + | * Changing the font size of a colorbar (i.e. //changing [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/axes_api.html#ticks-and-tick-labels|ticks and tick labels]]//): | ||
| + | * This can be done by manipulating the properties of the //Axes// where the colorbar is plotted\\ e.g. change the tick labels font size with\\ ''cb.ax.tick_params(labelsize='xx-large')'' (where ''cb'' is a //colorbar// object) | ||
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.text.html|text(...)]] and [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/text/annotations.html|annotations]] | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.text.html|text(...)]] and [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/text/annotations.html|annotations]] | ||
| * Some titles: | * Some titles: | ||
| * **Title at the top of the page**: [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle|Figure title]]: ''my_figure.suptitle('Figure title', x=xloc_in_normalized_coordinates, y=yloc_in_normalized_coordinates, ...)'' | * **Title at the top of the page**: [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle|Figure title]]: ''my_figure.suptitle('Figure title', x=xloc_in_normalized_coordinates, y=yloc_in_normalized_coordinates, ...)'' | ||
| * **Title above each plot**:[[https://matplotlib.org/api/axes_api.html#axis-labels-title-and-legend|Axis Labels, title, and legend]]: ''my_plot.set_title('Plot title', ...)'' | * **Title above each plot**:[[https://matplotlib.org/api/axes_api.html#axis-labels-title-and-legend|Axis Labels, title, and legend]]: ''my_plot.set_title('Plot title', ...)'' | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/text_labels_and_annotations/titles_demo.html#sphx-glr-gallery-text-labels-and-annotations-titles-demo-py|Title and labels positions demo]] | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/text_labels_and_annotations/titles_demo.html|Title and labels positions demo]] |
| * ''fontsize'': size in points, or (better!) string specifying a relative size (''xx-small'', ''x-small'', ''small'', ''medium'', ''large'', ''x-large'', ''xx-large'') | * ''fontsize'': size in points, or (better!) string specifying a relative size (''xx-small'', ''x-small'', ''small'', ''medium'', ''large'', ''x-large'', ''xx-large'') | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text|all the text properties]] | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/text_api.html|all the text properties]] |
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.legend|legend(...)]] ([[https://matplotlib.org/examples/pylab_examples/legend_demo3.html|legend demo]], [[https://matplotlib.org/users/legend_guide.html|advanced legend guide]]) | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.legend.html|legend(...)]] ([[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/text_labels_and_annotations/legend_demo.html|legend demo]], [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/tutorials/intermediate/legend_guide.html|advanced legend guide]]) |
| * The legend will //show// the lines (or other objects) that were associated with a //label// with the ''label='' keyword when creating/updating a plot | * The legend will //show// the lines (or other objects) that were associated with a //label// with the ''label='' keyword when creating/updating a plot | ||
| * If there are some elements of a plot that you do not want to associate with a legend (e.g. there are several lines with the same color and markers, but you want to plot the legend only once), do not specify a ''label='' keyword for these elements, or add a ''_'' at the front of the label strings | * If there are some elements of a plot that you do not want to associate with a legend (e.g. there are several lines with the same color and markers, but you want to plot the legend only once), do not specify a ''label='' keyword for these elements, or add a ''_'' at the front of the label strings | ||
| Line 187: | Line 207: | ||
| * e.g. with [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots_adjust.html|subplots_adjust]], ''plt.subplots_adjust(right=0.75)'' will make all the plots use 75% on the left of the page, and leave 25% on the right for the legend | * e.g. with [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots_adjust.html|subplots_adjust]], ''plt.subplots_adjust(right=0.75)'' will make all the plots use 75% on the left of the page, and leave 25% on the right for the legend | ||
| * The [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html|figure(...)]] and the associated methods | * The [[https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html|figure(...)]] and the associated methods | ||
| - | * The [[https://matplotlib.org/api/axes_api.html|axes]] and the associated methods | + | * The [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/axes_api.html|axes]] and the associated methods |
| * [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/introductory/customizing.html#matplotlib-rcparams|matplotlib default config/settings]] can be queried and updated | * [[https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/introductory/customizing.html#matplotlib-rcparams|matplotlib default config/settings]] can be queried and updated | ||
| * example: the default figure size (inches) is ''mpl.rcParams['figure.figsize']'' (''[6.4, 4.8]'') | * example: the default figure size (inches) is ''mpl.rcParams['figure.figsize']'' (''[6.4, 4.8]'') | ||
| * current settings' file: ''mpl.matplotlib_fname()'' | * current settings' file: ''mpl.matplotlib_fname()'' | ||
| - | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/animation_api.html|Animations]] ([[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/index.html#animation|demo]]) | + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/api/animation_api.html|Animations]] ([[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/index.html#animation|demo]]) |
| ===== Misc Matplotlib tricks ===== | ===== Misc Matplotlib tricks ===== | ||
| Line 219: | Line 239: | ||
| plt.show()</code> | plt.show()</code> | ||
| - | Note: see also [[https://matplotlib.org/gallery/user_interfaces/canvasagg.html|CanvasAgg demo]] for a pure offline plot, and [[https://matplotlib.org/faq/howto_faq.html?highlight=web#howto-webapp|How to use Matplotlib in a web application server]]. But the code above is much easier! | + | Note: see also [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/user_interfaces/canvasagg.html|CanvasAgg demo]] for a pure offline plot, and [[https://matplotlib.org/faq/howto_faq.html?highlight=web#howto-webapp|How to use Matplotlib in a web application server]]. But the code above is much easier! |
| ==== Specifying the background color of a plot ==== | ==== Specifying the background color of a plot ==== | ||
| Line 232: | Line 252: | ||
| [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9797520/masking-part-of-a-contourf-plot-in-matplotlib|trick source]] | [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9797520/masking-part-of-a-contourf-plot-in-matplotlib|trick source]] | ||
| + | ===== Unsorted matplotlib stuff ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Some useful notes and links that cannot be placed (yet) in a section of the main page | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Plotting arcs (segments of ellipses) ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Arc.html|Offical patches.Arc documentation]] | ||
| + | * A nice [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54849976/can-someone-explain-the-different-parameters-in-matplotlib-patches-arc|ellipses and arcs tutorial]] on stackoverflow | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Using hatches with contourf ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/shapes_and_collections/hatch_style_reference.html|Hatch style reference]] | ||
| + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/shapes_and_collections/hatch_demo.html|Hatch demo]] | ||
| + | * [[https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/images_contours_and_fields/contourf_hatching.html|Contourf hatching]] | ||
| + | * //Collections// trick for [[https://fantashit.com/hatching-color-in-contourf-function/|changing the colors of hatches]] | ||
| /* standard page footer */ | /* standard page footer */ | ||
other/python/matplotlib_by_jyp.1607957711.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/12/14 14:55 by jypeter
