====== Keeping your Windows 10 computer clean and up-to-date ======

[[other:index#windows_10_notes|Other Windows 10 related notes]]

===== Freeing up space and cleaning the computer =====

  * [[https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/12425/windows-10-free-up-drive-space|Freeing up drive space in Windows 10]]
    * Follow the steps listed in ''Free up space with Storage Sense'' (//Storage Sense// <=> ''l'Assistant de Stockage'')
      * Some options, like removing the previous version of Windows (''C:\Windows.old'') may appear only if you are using the ''.\admin'' account

  * Removing the //(pre-)installed applications// that you think you don't need (you can always reinstall them later)\\ **Warning**: some installed applications may make no sense to you, but they may have been installed by the sysadmins, or may be useful for your system. Get in touch with [[other:newppl:starting#getting_help_from_the_lsce_system_administrators|help-lsce]] if you are not sure
    * ''Windows+I'' (open Settings) => ''Applications'' => Select and uninstall the applications you don't want
    * Check the applications in the [[#updating_applications_from_the_microsoft_store|Microsoft Store]], but it will probably be just a subset of what you get with\\ ''Windows+I'' => ''Applications''

  * More options available in: [[https://www.windowscentral.com/best-7-ways-free-hard-drive-space-windows-10|12 best ways to free up hard drive space on Windows 10]]

===== Updating Windows 10 =====

==== Windows 10 updates and versions history ====

  * There are 2 **major** Windows 10 releases every year, a //spring// and //fall// version\\ e.g. //Mise à jour de fonctionnalité vers Windows 10, version 21H2//
    * The two //major// updates are called **feature updates**

  * The more **regular** (~monthly) //intermediate// updates (small fixes and security updates) are called **quality updates**\\ e.g. //2022-01 Mise à jour cumulative pour Windows 10 Version 21H1 pour les systèmes x64 (KB5009543)//

  * The **version number** (of a major/feature update) is based on the date of the most recent large build release and uses a ''YYHn'' format
    * ''YYH1'' and ''YYH2'' format (//first// and //second// half of year ''YY'')
    * Version numbers before the end of 2020:\\ ''YYMM'', until Version ''2004'' (i.e **April** 20**20**)

  * More details:
    * Full version history: [[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-10/release-information|Windows 10 release information]]
    * [[https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/windows-10-update-history-857b8ccb-71e4-49e5-b3f6-7073197d98fb|Windows 10, version 21H2 update history]]

==== Checking the installed version ====

=== Using Windows Settings ===

  * ''Windows+I'' (open //Settings//) => System => About
    * You will get something like\\ <code>Edition:   Windows 10 Pro
Version:   22H2
Installed: 10/28/2020
Build:     19045.2673
           Windows Feature Experience Pack
           120.2212.4190.3</code>

=== Using winver ===

  * Find and launch ''winver''\\ {{ :other:winver_launch_notes.png?direct&300 |}}
  * Check the version and build number displayed by ''winver''\\ {{ :other:winver_result_notes.png?direct&300 |}}

==== Updating Windows 10 ====

<WRAP center round important 60%>
LSCE users:

January 2022 - Windows Update may tell you that your computer is ready to upgrade to Windows 11

**Do not upgrade to Windows 11 yet**!
</WRAP>

  * The [[#windows_10_updates_and_versions_history|two update types]] (//feature// and //quality// updates) are explained above

  * Windows should automatically check for updates (this may depend on your settings), and display a notification when the computer can be updated.\\ You should also **manually check for updates** from time to time: ''Win''+''I'' (open //Settings//) => Update & Security => Windows Update => Check for updates

  * if Windows Update tells you that //Quality Updates// **and** optional //Feature Updates// are available, it is probably better to apply the //quality// updates first

  * The special case of **major/feature updates**
    * Windows may not tell you that a //feature// update is available, but you can manually check for updates and get one of the 3 cases below:
      * No //feature// update available
      * A //feature// update is theoretically available, but your computer is not ready yet to install it (maybe because the required device drivers are not available yet), or just too old. In that case, you may see a message saying that //the latest update will soon be available//. It should rather say that your computer is not ready yet (and maybe will never be!)\\ {{ :other:maj_win10_2004_non_dispo.png?direct&300 }}
      * A //feature// update is ready for download! But **don't rush to install a //feature// update**!\\ {{ :other:win10_21h1_update.png?direct&300 |}}
        * To be safe, **don't start a //feature// update during a field trip or when you are away for a conference**! It is probably safer to do it at work (where you can get some help from [[other:newppl:starting#getting_help_from_the_lsce_system_administrators|Help]]) or at home.
        * **Make sure you have enough time** (at least 2 hours) to download/install a //feature// update and that a laptop is connected to AC power! It may take some time to download a //feature// update, and the installation will also take time (including a few reboots)
        * Things should not go wrong, but:
          * Make sure that the [[other:win10config#activating_system_protection_by_recovery|System protection by recovery]] is activated. It //may// allow you to go back to the previous version if things really go wrong
          * Maybe this is a good time to [[other:win10_syncback|use SyncBack]] or something else to create a backup of your computer, **before installing the update**
          * If things go wrong, remember the [[other:win10crash|Recovering from a Major Windows 10 Crash]] page

  * Check for updates, apply the updates, reboot, check for updates again and repeat until there are no more updates available.\\ {{ :other:win10_21h1_update_c.png?direct&300 }}\\ {{ :other:win10_update_ok.png?direct&300 }}\\ At that stage, the installed version of Windows 10 should have the same (or close) version number as the latest one in [[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-10/release-information|Windows 10 release information]] (unless your computer is too old to install the latest major update)

==== Dell specific updates ====

  * Download and install the [[https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000177325/dell-command-update|Dell Command Update]] software, if it is not already installed. This will allow you to easily download and apply all the Dell specific updates
  * ''Start'' => ''Dell'' => ''Dell Command Update'': use this to get Dell specific updates (e.g. BIOS, some low level drivers) that you will not get from the Microsoft Update
    * Special case of [[https://wiki.lsce.ipsl.fr/pmip3/doku.php/other:bios#updating_the_bios|updating the BIOS on a computer protected with bitlocker]]
    * Note: you can also get these updates from (if it is installed):
      * ''Start'' => ''Dell'' => ''SupportAssist''
      * or ''Start'' => ''SupportAssist''

==== HP specific updates ====

  * Install [[http://www.hp.com/go/hpsupportassistant|HP Support Assistant]]
  * Execute HP SA for the first time and select to automatically check for updates, but to choose when the updates should be installed. It is probably safer **not** to automatically install updates
  * Check if there are **recommended** updates
    * Install the **recommended** packages
      * FIXME Document the BIOS update on a //modern// (year 2022 and later) HP, and the particular case of updating the BIOS of a laptop protected with //bitlocker//
==== Intel updates ====

You will probably receive all the driver updates you need through the Windows and Dell/HP updates, but in some cases, you may also want to **check if Intel provides some updates** (there could be some extra updates for your Intel processor, your Intel graphics card, your Intel WiFi/Bluetooth card, etc...)

  * Visit the [[http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/detect.html|Automatically update your drivers]] page and follow the instructions to install and use **Intel® Driver & Support Assistant**
    * Check [[https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000026895/software/software-applications.html|How to Uninstall/Reinstall]] in case of problems
===== Updating Microsoft Office =====

You need to activate the Office (and misc Microsoft software) update, if you want to get updates for some Microsoft products

  * ''Windows+I'' (open //Settings//) => Update & Security => Advanced options
  * Activate the //Get updates for other Microsoft products// option\\ {{ :other:ms_products_updates.png?direct&400 |}}

===== Updating applications from the Microsoft Store =====

  * Launch the //Microsoft Store//: ''Start'' => ''Microsoft Store''
    * Use an existing MS account if you want (see picture), but you will get updates even if you don't use an account!
    * Select the Library panel and check/get/apply updates
    * [[https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/account-billing/payment-billing-and-the-microsoft-store-app-help-bdf79f17-1b6c-449c-a7fb-9ba16c7e6db2|Extra MS Store information]]

{{ :other:ms_store_login_02_notes.png?direct&600 |}}

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