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pmip3:wg:degla:bc:ice [2015/02/18 13:55]
ruza
pmip3:wg:degla:bc:ice [2015/03/02 10:22]
ruza
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    More info here: http://​wiki.splitbrain.org/​plugin:​discussion */    More info here: http://​wiki.splitbrain.org/​plugin:​discussion */
        
-/* ~~DISCUSSION|Discussion on core experiment ​design~~ *+~~DISCUSSION|Discussion on core experiment ​ice sheets~~
  
 ====== Last Deglaciation Ice Sheets ====== ====== Last Deglaciation Ice Sheets ======
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 [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​bc:​core|Go back]] to the main core experiment design page. \\ [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​bc:​core|Go back]] to the main core experiment design page. \\
 [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​index|Go back]] to the main working group page. \\ [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​index|Go back]] to the main working group page. \\
-Please note, this page is a work in progress and is not ready for discussion yet. \\ 
 \\  \\ 
-Please use the //​Discussion//​ section below to specifically comment on the choice of __ice sheet reconstructions__ for the core experiment. \\ \\+Please use the //​Discussion//​ section below to specifically comment on the choice of __ice sheet reconstructions__ for the core experiment. 
 +\\ \\
  
 ---- ----
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 For the core experiment, there is a choice of two global ice sheet reconstructions:​ For the core experiment, there is a choice of two global ice sheet reconstructions:​
-  * ICE6G_C, provided by Dick Peltier, Rosmarie Drummond and co-authors  +  * [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​bc:​ice#​ICE-6G_C_Reconstruction | ICE-6G_C]], provided by Dick Peltier, Rosmarie Drummond and co-authors  
-  * Lev Tarasov'​s reconstruction,​ provided by Lev Tarasov and co-authors.+  * [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​bc:​ice#​Lev_Tarasov'​s_Reconstruction | Lev Tarasov'​s reconstruction]], provided by Lev Tarasov and co-authors.
  
-Please one of these reconstructions for your Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) experiment, as per the LGM working group requirements,​ and continue to use the same reconstruction through the transient last deglaciation ​core simulation. \\+Please ​use one of these reconstructions for your Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) experiment, as per the LGM working group requirements,​ and continue to use the same reconstruction through the transient last deglaciation ​Core simulation. \\
 \\ \\
-Those groups that are able may wish to carry out two simulations;​ one with each ice sheet reconstruction. \\ \\+Those groups that are able may wish to carry out two simulations;​ one with each ice sheet reconstruction. ​ \\  
 +\\ 
 +This page contains a lot of information;​ use the 'Table of Contents'​ (top right) to navigate through! ​\\ \\
  
 ---- ----
  
-===== ICE6G_C Reconstruction=====+====== ​ICE-6G_C reconstruction ​====== 
 +\\
  
-====Key references==== ​+===== Key references ​===== 
   * Argus, D. F., Peltier, W. R., Drummond, R. & Moore, A. W. The Antarctica component of postglacial rebound model ICE-6G_C (VM5a) based on GPS positioning,​ exposure age dating of ice thicknesses,​ and relative sea level histories. Geophys. J. Int. ggu140 (2014).   * Argus, D. F., Peltier, W. R., Drummond, R. & Moore, A. W. The Antarctica component of postglacial rebound model ICE-6G_C (VM5a) based on GPS positioning,​ exposure age dating of ice thicknesses,​ and relative sea level histories. Geophys. J. Int. ggu140 (2014).
   * Peltier, W. R., Argus, D. F. & Drummond, R. Space geodesy constrains ice age terminal deglaciation:​ The global ICE-6G_C (VM5a) model. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (2015). \\ \\   * Peltier, W. R., Argus, D. F. & Drummond, R. Space geodesy constrains ice age terminal deglaciation:​ The global ICE-6G_C (VM5a) model. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (2015). \\ \\
  
 +===== The reconstruction =====
  
-==== Ice Evolution21-0 ka ====+Information provided by Dick PeltierOctober 2014: 
 +> [The data] contain the paleobathymetry of the oceans over oceanographic regions as well as the paleotopography of the continents. ​
  
-The ice mask in this reconstruction is fractional. For the purpose of the animations (below), we have used > 80 % ice cover per grid cell. The timestep is 500 years.<​sup>​[1-2]</​sup>​ ((Animations produced by Ruza Ivanovic, Feb 2015)) ​ \\ {{http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​ICE6G_C_NH_last_deglac.gif?​400 |ICE6G_C Northern Hemisphere}} 
-{{ http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​ICE6G_C_SH_last_deglac.gif?​400 |ICE6G_C Southern Hemisphere}} 
- \\ 
- 
-==== Sea Level Equivalent ==== 
- 
-The information in this section was provided directly by Dick Peltier et al., October 2014: 
 \\ \\
  
-=== ICE6G_C ​Ice Sheets ​===+===Ice evolution, 21-0 ka ====
  
-> Time dependent //ice-equivalent//​ contribution to eustatic sea level rise [relative to present day] from each of the primary geographical regions from which grounded ​ice loss occurred during the [lastdeglaciation process. ​((Plot provided ​by Dick PeltierOctober 2014)) {{ http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​ICE6GC_ESL.png?400 |ICE6G_C Eustatic Sea Level Equivalent of ice volume ​}}+The ice mask in this reconstruction is fractional. For the purpose ​of the animations (below), we have used > 80 % ice cover per grid cell. The timestep is 500 years.<​sup>​[1-2]</​sup> ​((Animations produced ​by Ruza IvanovicFeb 2015))  ​\\ ​{{http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​ICE-6G_C_NH_last_deglac.gif?400 |ICE-6G_C Northern Hemisphere}} 
 +{{ http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​ICE-6G_C_SH_last_deglac.gif?​400 |ICE-6G_C Southern Hemisphere ​}} 
 + \\
  
-=== ICE6G_C compared to previous versions ​===+==== Sea Level Equivalent (SLE) ==== 
 + 
 +The information in this section was provided directly by Dick Peltier et al., October 2014: 
 +> Time dependent //​ice-equivalent//​ contribution to eustatic sea level rise [relative to present day] from each of the primary geographical regions from which grounded ice loss occurred during the [last] deglaciation process. ((Plot provided by Dick Peltier, October 2014)) {{ http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​ICE-6GC_ESL.png?​500 |ICE-6G_C Eustatic Sea Level Equivalent of ice volume }}
  
 ^  Ice-equivalent contribution to eustatic sea level rise (m) ((relative to present day and assuming ocean area = 360,768,600 km<​sup>​2</​sup>​)) ​ ^^^^ ^  Ice-equivalent contribution to eustatic sea level rise (m) ((relative to present day and assuming ocean area = 360,768,600 km<​sup>​2</​sup>​)) ​ ^^^^
-^ ^ Final ICE-4G ^ ICE-5G v1.2 ^ ICE6G_C ​^+^ ^ Final ICE-4G ^ ICE-5G v1.2 ^ ICE-6G_C ​^
 ^ 26 ka | | | |  ^ 26 ka | | | | 
 | N. America (incl. Inuit area) | 54.92 | 83.71 | 87.01 | | N. America (incl. Inuit area) | 54.92 | 83.71 | 87.01 |
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 | E. Antarctica | 8.35 | 8.36 | 6.21 | | E. Antarctica | 8.35 | 8.36 | 6.21 |
 | **TOTAL** | **114.12** | **123.65** | **113.68** | | **TOTAL** | **114.12** | **123.65** | **113.68** |
 +
 +\\
 +
 +===== Meltwater =====
 +
 +Although ice meltwater fluxes should not be prescribed for the Core simulation, groups may wish to run alternative simulations with meltwater fluxes to the oceans. \\
 +\\
 +At this stage it is proposed that ICE-6G_C meltwater routing can be calculated from ice thickness at each timestep. It will not be explicitly provided by the working group.
 +\\
 +See the //​alternative//​ [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​bc:​alt | full transient simulations ]]  page for more info. [not live yet]
 +
  \\  \\
  
-==== Smoothed fields ==== +===== Smoothed fields ====
-Dick Peltier has suggested that ICE6G_C ​topographies could be provided as smoothed fields:  + 
->...we could...provide these [ICE6G_C] topographies in the form of the smooth fields obtained by projecting them onto the set of spherical harmonics employed in a 1 degree by 1 degree model in the CMIP5 class. The results you obtain when you do this are illustrated in [Peltier and Vettoretti (2014)]<​sup>​[3]</​sup>​. ​ Would you rather have these fields in the smoothed form actually seen by such a climate model? This might be a good idea since some groups may be employing grid point models and these groups would probably appreciate being given a smooth topography field to start with. +Dick Peltier has suggested that ICE-6G_C ​topographies could be provided as smoothed fields ​(October 2014):  
 +>...we could...provide these [ICE-6G_C] topographies in the form of the smooth fields obtained by projecting them onto the set of spherical harmonics employed in a 1 degree by 1 degree model in the CMIP5 class. The results you obtain when you do this are illustrated in [Peltier and Vettoretti (2014)]<​sup>​[3]</​sup>​. ​ Would you rather have these fields in the smoothed form actually seen by such a climate model? This might be a good idea since some groups may be employing grid point models and these groups would probably appreciate being given a smooth topography field to start with.  
 + 
 +\\ 
 + 
 +===== Further notes ===== 
 + 
 +Provided by Dick Peltier, October 2014: 
 +> Paleo-topography data sets contain information on BOTH the topography of the continents with respect to sea level at specific times in the past as well as paleo-bathymetry of the oceans at the same sequence of times. It is not only the former field that is important but also the latter. ​ Although we could produce a separate data set for an "​altitude anomaly"​ for the continents we would also have to produce a "​bathymetric anomaly"​ for the oceans . The latter is as important as the former because modern climate models , eg the NCAR CESM model, have begun to include a diapycnal diffusivity field that is linked to mixing associated with the dissipation of the internal tide produced by the flow of the barotropic tide over ocean bottom topography. In order to re-tune such mixing parameterizations for past times, it is necessary to produce new models of the barotropic tide and this requires the different bathymetry of the oceans for these past times. It is very important in my opinion that the paleo-bathymetry be made available to the community as well as the paleo-topography. \\ 
 +> Paleobathymetry is required by the groups interested in properly running coupled atmosphere ocean models of climate state as the bathymetry of the oceans is highly variable through the glaciation deglaciation process. Although some groups may want to simplify the analysis by not including the paleobathymetry of the oceans in the ocean component of their coupled model, it is important in my opinion that the data are available that will make it possible to do the analysis properly if they wish to do so.
  
 \\ \\
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 ---- ----
  
-===== Lev Tarasov'​s ​Reconstruction ​=====+====== Lev Tarasov'​s ​reconstruction ====== 
 +\\
  
-==== Key references ====+===== Key references ​=====
   * Tarasov, L. & Peltier, W. R. Greenland glacial history and local geodynamic consequences. Geophys. J. Int. 150, 198–229 (2002).   * Tarasov, L. & Peltier, W. R. Greenland glacial history and local geodynamic consequences. Geophys. J. Int. 150, 198–229 (2002).
   * Tarasov, L., Dyke, A. S., Neal, R. M. & Peltier, W. R. A data-calibrated distribution of deglacial chronologies for the North American ice complex from glaciological modeling. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 315–316, 30–40 (2012).   * Tarasov, L., Dyke, A. S., Neal, R. M. & Peltier, W. R. A data-calibrated distribution of deglacial chronologies for the North American ice complex from glaciological modeling. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 315–316, 30–40 (2012).
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-==== Ice Evolution, 21-0 ka ====+===== The reconstruction =====
  
 +
 +==== Ice Evolution, 21-0 ka ====
 The ice mask in this reconstruction is based on 100 % ice or no ice. The timestep is currently 1000 years, but could be provided at 500 years, if desired. <​sup>​[4-7]</​sup>​((Animations produced by Ruza Ivanovic, Feb 2015)) \\ The ice mask in this reconstruction is based on 100 % ice or no ice. The timestep is currently 1000 years, but could be provided at 500 years, if desired. <​sup>​[4-7]</​sup>​((Animations produced by Ruza Ivanovic, Feb 2015)) \\
 {{http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​Tarasov_NH_last_deglac.gif?​400 |Lev Tarasov'​s Northern Hemisphere ice}} {{http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​Tarasov_NH_last_deglac.gif?​400 |Lev Tarasov'​s Northern Hemisphere ice}}
 {{ http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​Tarasov_SH_last_deglac.gif?​400 |Lev Tarasov'​s Southern Hemisphere ice}} {{ http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​Tarasov_SH_last_deglac.gif?​400 |Lev Tarasov'​s Southern Hemisphere ice}}
 + ​\\ ​
 +
 +==== Ice volume ====
 +Ice volume of the constituent ice sheets through time.<​sup>​[4-7]</​sup>​ ((Plot produced by Lauren Gregoire, Feb 2015)) \\
 +{{ http://​homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/​~earri/​pmip_deglac/​Ice_Sheets_Tarasov.png?​ |Lev Tarasov'​s ice volume through time}}
  \\  \\
  
-==== Information about the reconstruction ====+===== Meltwater ===== 
 + 
 +Although ice meltwater fluxes should not be prescribed for the Core simulation, groups may wish to run alternative simulations with meltwater fluxes to the oceans. \\ 
 +\\ 
 +A timeseries of global meltwater routing (river mouth discharge) that is consistent with Lev Tarasov'​s ice sheet reconstruction will be provided. \\ 
 +\\ 
 +See the //​alternative//​ [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​bc:​alt | full transient simulations ]]  page for more info. [not live yet] 
 + 
 +\\ 
 + 
 +===== Information about the reconstruction ​=====
  
 Provided by Lev Tarasov, October 2014: Provided by Lev Tarasov, October 2014:
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 > These 4 components have been combined under GIA post-processing for a near-gravitationally self consistent solution (the approximation is explained in my 2004 QSR paper<​sup>​[8]</​sup>​ and has been tested against complete GIA solutions). The global combined solution includes ICE5-G<​sup>​[9]</​sup>​ components for Patagonia and Iceland for topography (but they were not transfered to the ice mask). There is likely a 10-15 m eustatic equivalent shortfall of LGM ice, the "​missing ice" issue that has long challenged GIA-based deglacial reconstructions (uncertainty associated with proxies, tidal changes, and earth viscosity structure). > These 4 components have been combined under GIA post-processing for a near-gravitationally self consistent solution (the approximation is explained in my 2004 QSR paper<​sup>​[8]</​sup>​ and has been tested against complete GIA solutions). The global combined solution includes ICE5-G<​sup>​[9]</​sup>​ components for Patagonia and Iceland for topography (but they were not transfered to the ice mask). There is likely a 10-15 m eustatic equivalent shortfall of LGM ice, the "​missing ice" issue that has long challenged GIA-based deglacial reconstructions (uncertainty associated with proxies, tidal changes, and earth viscosity structure).
 \\ \\
 +
  
 ---- ----
-===== Points ​To Discuss ​=====+ 
 +====== Points ​to discuss ======
  
 Please think about the following points and add any comments on these or any other aspects of the experiment design to the discussion section below: [Topics will be added here as they are raised below or by email.] Please think about the following points and add any comments on these or any other aspects of the experiment design to the discussion section below: [Topics will be added here as they are raised below or by email.]
-  * Should ​ICE6G_C ​be provided here in its smoothed format, as offered by Dick Peltier (above; ​ [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​bc:​ice#​smoothed_fields]]),​ its original unsmoothed format, or both?  +  * Should ​ICE-6G_C ​be provided here in its smoothed format, as offered by Dick Peltier (above; ​ [[pmip3:​wg:​degla:​bc:​ice#​smoothed_fields]]),​ its original unsmoothed format, or both?  
-  * Should Lev Tarasov'​s reconstruction be provided with a 500 year timestep? It is currently 1000 years, but can be rerun with a shorter timestep.\\ \\+  * Should Lev Tarasov'​s reconstruction be provided with a 500 year timestep? It is currently 1000 years, but could be provided ​with a shorter timestep.\\ \\
  
 ---- ----
  
-=====References=====+====== References ​======
  
   - Argus, D. F., Peltier, W. R., Drummond, R. & Moore, A. W. The Antarctica component of postglacial rebound model ICE-6G_C (VM5a) based on GPS positioning,​ exposure age dating of ice thicknesses,​ and relative sea level histories. Geophys. J. Int. ggu140 (2014).   - Argus, D. F., Peltier, W. R., Drummond, R. & Moore, A. W. The Antarctica component of postglacial rebound model ICE-6G_C (VM5a) based on GPS positioning,​ exposure age dating of ice thicknesses,​ and relative sea level histories. Geophys. J. Int. ggu140 (2014).
pmip3/wg/degla/bc/ice.txt · Last modified: 2015/10/21 13:49 by ruza