other:newppl:starting
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other:newppl:starting [2023/03/08 16:33] jypeter [Available servers] Updated ciclad=>spirit |
other:newppl:starting [2024/04/03 11:33] jypeter [Available servers] Added getlogin and getenv Python example |
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| * [[other:newppl:riealgo|Adding money online to your restaurant account]] | * [[other:newppl:riealgo|Adding money online to your restaurant account]] | ||
| * [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/Phocea/Page/index.php?id=97|Survival kit and other information for CDD and interns]] (LSCE intranet) | * [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/Phocea/Page/index.php?id=97|Survival kit and other information for CDD and interns]] (LSCE intranet) | ||
| - | * [[http://internationaloffice.ceasaclay.com/?lang=en|CEA Saclay International Office]] //Our multilingual staff is readily available to assist you through immigration procedures and to help you settle in France// | + | * [[https://www.universite-paris-saclay.fr/en/campus-life/international-welcome-desk|International welcome desk]] //Université Paris-Saclay supports international students, PhD students and researchers as soon as they arrive in France to ensure their stay take place under the best conditions// |
| - | * [[https://www.universite-paris-saclay.fr/en/campus-life/international-welcome-desk|International welcome desk]] //Université Paris-Saclay provides you with a variety of services and documentation to welcome international students and researchers under the best conditions// | + | |
| * [[https://logement.campus-paris-saclay.fr/| Trouver un logement dans une résidence universitaire]] (in French... //Finding a room in a student dorm//) | * [[https://logement.campus-paris-saclay.fr/| Trouver un logement dans une résidence universitaire]] (in French... //Finding a room in a student dorm//) | ||
| * [[https://www.science-accueil.org/en/|Science Accueil]] | * [[https://www.science-accueil.org/en/|Science Accueil]] | ||
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| * [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/en/Phocea/Membres/Annuaire/index.php|Phone directory]] (intranet) | * [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/en/Phocea/Membres/Annuaire/index.php|Phone directory]] (intranet) | ||
| - | * Dial **2** + ''NNNN'' (last 4 digits) to call somebody at LSCE (or CEA Saclay) from LSCE | + | * Dial **2** + ''NNNN'' (last 4 digits) to **call somebody at LSCE** (or CEA Saclay) from LSCE |
| + | * Dial **0** + ''NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN'' to **call somebody outside LSCE** from LSCE | ||
| + | * <wrap hi>Dial **18** to call FLS (CEA security & firemen)</wrap> | ||
| + | * [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/Phocea/Page/index.php?id=312|Other security related phone numbers]] | ||
| + | * <wrap hi>Recommended</wrap>: add the FLS full phone number to your cell phone | ||
| * [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/PlanLabo/index.html|701 and 714 map]] (intranet) | * [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/PlanLabo/index.html|701 and 714 map]] (intranet) | ||
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| * [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/informatique/en/orme/imprimantes.php|Printers]] | * [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/informatique/en/orme/imprimantes.php|Printers]] | ||
| - | ===== Accessing the CEA Saclay intranet and other CEA web sites with vpnssl ===== | + | ===== Accessing the CEA Saclay intranet and other CEA web sites from a browser ===== |
| <WRAP center round important 60%> | <WRAP center round important 60%> | ||
| - | It used to be possible to access the CEA Saclay intranet by just clicking on http://www-saclay.cea.fr/ from any computer on the LSCE network. | + | LSCE is on the Paris-Saclay network (and **not on the CEA network**) |
| - | This is **not possible** anymore, now that LSCE is on the Paris-Saclay network (and not on the CEA network) | + | It is therefore **not possible** to access the //CEA Saclay// intranet by just clicking on http://www-saclay.cea.fr/ from a computer on the LSCE wired network (or //eduroam//, or any network outside CEA) |
| </WRAP> | </WRAP> | ||
| Use the following steps: | Use the following steps: | ||
| - Start Chrome (or try another browser) | - Start Chrome (or try another browser) | ||
| - | - Open the following link: https://vpnssl.cea.fr/ | + | * it is even better if you use a [[https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/95464?hl=en|Private/Incognito window]] to do this |
| - | * ignore the security errors | + | - Open the following link: https://vpn.cea.fr/ |
| + | * ignore the possible security/certificate errors | ||
| * this link will work from the Paris Saclay network, and ANY other location (e.g. home) OUTSIDE of CEA | * this link will work from the Paris Saclay network, and ANY other location (e.g. home) OUTSIDE of CEA | ||
| - Use your initials and badge number as the **login** (e.g. "//James Bond//" => "**jb007007**") and the number supplied by the //activIDentity// keyring, followed by your 4 digits personal code, as your **password** | - Use your initials and badge number as the **login** (e.g. "//James Bond//" => "**jb007007**") and the number supplied by the //activIDentity// keyring, followed by your 4 digits personal code, as your **password** | ||
| Line 126: | Line 130: | ||
| * ... | * ... | ||
| - Click on //logout// when you are done | - Click on //logout// when you are done | ||
| + | * ... and close your browser //Incognito// window if you used one | ||
| ===== Setting up your desktop computer ===== | ===== Setting up your desktop computer ===== | ||
| Line 190: | Line 195: | ||
| ==== Available servers ==== | ==== Available servers ==== | ||
| - | * **The LSCE interactive servers**: ''obelix//NN//''\\ Use ''ssh obelix'' to access these servers, and the //load balancing// system will send you to the server that has currently the smallest load. | + | * **The LSCE //gateway//**: ''ssh1.lsce.ipsl.fr'' |
| - | * <wrap hi>Never forget that you are sharing these servers with other users!</wrap> | + | * Use ''ssh ssh1.lsce.ipsl.fr'' when you are **outside the LSCE wired network**, before accessing any other LSCE server: |
| - | * <wrap hi>Do not use too much CPU and/or memory for a long time</wrap>. Heavy computation should be done on the [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/informatique/en/calcul/batch.php|LSCE cluster]] | + | * By **//outside LSCE//**, we mean that your computer is: |
| + | * connected to the LSCE WiFi network (instead of the wired network) | ||
| + | * or physically outside LSCE | ||
| + | * You can also use ''ssh1'' when you are **copying files to/from outside LSCE** with ''scp'' or ssh-based tools | ||
| + | * <wrap hi>The ''ssh1'' gateway can **only** be used for copying files or accessing the LSCE interactive servers</wrap>! | ||
| + | * **You have to** connect to an ''obelix//NN//'' interactive server before doing any real work | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **The LSCE interactive servers**: ''obelix//NN//'' (''obelix2'' to ''obelix5'') | ||
| + | * Use ''ssh obelix'' to access the LSCE servers from **inside LSCE**.\\ The //load balancing// system will send you to the ''obelix//NN//'' server that has currently the smallest load. | ||
| + | * By **//inside LSCE//**, we mean that: | ||
| + | * your computer is connected to the LSCE **wired** network | ||
| + | * or you are using the [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/informatique/fr/vpn-forticlient.php#vpnlsce|LSCE VPN]] | ||
| + | * or you have a //terminal// connected to the ''ssh1'' gateway | ||
| + | * <wrap hi>Never forget that you are **sharing** these interactive servers with other users!</wrap> | ||
| + | * <wrap hi>Do not use too much CPU and/or memory for a long time</wrap>. Heavy computation should be done on the [[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/informatique/en/calcul/batch.php|LSCE cluster]] | ||
| * Learn how to [[other:newppl:starting#determining_the_load_of_a_linux_server|use the top command]] to determine the current load of a server and the CPU/memory usage of your processes ! | * Learn how to [[other:newppl:starting#determining_the_load_of_a_linux_server|use the top command]] to determine the current load of a server and the CPU/memory usage of your processes ! | ||
| - | * <code>$ ssh obelix | + | * You can use one of the following commands if you want to know on which ''obelixNN'' you are |
| + | * <code>$ ssh obelix | ||
| Last login: Mon Jun 3 08:49:53 2019 from somewhere | Last login: Mon Jun 3 08:49:53 2019 from somewhere | ||
| - | # You can use one of the following commands if you want to know on which obelix you are | ||
| $ echo $HOST | $ echo $HOST | ||
| obelix5 | obelix5 | ||
| $ hostname | $ hostname | ||
| obelix5</code> | obelix5</code> | ||
| + | * In a python script, you can use the following to get some information | ||
| + | * <code>>>> import os | ||
| + | >>> os.getlogin(), os.getenv('HOST') | ||
| + | ('mylogin', 'obelix5')</code> | ||
| - | * **[[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/informatique/en/calcul/batch.php|The LSCE cluster]]** (aka the //batch system//)\\ Use this cluster for really heavy duty programs, rather than killing the multi-users interactive servers | + | * **[[https://intranet.lsce.ipsl.fr/informatique/en/calcul/batch.php|The LSCE cluster]]** (aka the //batch system//)\\ Use this cluster for **//heavy duty// programs**, rather than killing the multi-users interactive servers |
| + | * //Heavy duty// programs are programs that will prevent other users from working on the same server because these programs use a lot of CPU and/or memory for more than a few minutes. Ask your advisor, if you are not sure | ||
| * **The [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/|IPSL Computing and Data Center]]**, aka //Mésocentre ESPRI// (''Spirit'' / ''SpiritX'' / ''HAL'') | * **The [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/|IPSL Computing and Data Center]]**, aka //Mésocentre ESPRI// (''Spirit'' / ''SpiritX'' / ''HAL'') | ||
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| </code> | </code> | ||
| | | ||
| - | The top lines give you some summary information about the system, but you should monitor the memory usage (''VIRT'' and ''RES''), ''CPU'' and ''TIME'' columns. By default, ''top'' will will put the processes using the more CPU at the top (as shown above). You can see above that the ''emacs'' text editor has clearly crashed, because it should not use 100% CPU for such a long time | + | The top lines give you some summary information about the system, but you should monitor the memory usage (''VIRT'' and ''RES''), ''CPU'' and ''TIME+'' columns. By default, ''top'' will will put the processes using the more CPU at the top (as shown above). You can see above that the ''emacs'' text editor has clearly crashed, because it should not use 100% CPU for such a long time |
| + | |||
| + | * The ''TIME+'' information is in //minutes// (e.g. ''5432:01'' means //5432 minutes and 1 second//, ''25:15.20'' means //25 minutes, 15 seconds and 20% of 1 second//) | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Memory usage: | ||
| + | * ''%MEM'' (Kb): percentage of the total available **physical memory** used by a process. This is based on ''RES'', the **non-swapped physical memory** used by a process | ||
| + | * ''VIRT'' (Kb): total amount of **virtual memory** (i.e. memory temporarily swapped/saved to disk) used by a process. It includes all code, data and shared libraries plus pages that have been swapped out and pages that have been mapped but not used | ||
| + | * The ''free'' command can display the memory usage of a server at a given time. ''available'' is an estimation of how much memory is available for starting new applications, without swapping | ||
| + | * <code> % free -ht | ||
| + | total used free shared buff/cache available | ||
| + | Mem: 62G 1.5G 56G 11M 5.0G 60G | ||
| + | Swap: 62G 1.7G 60G | ||
| + | Total: 125G 3.3G 116G</code> | ||
| If you type ''M'', the processes will be sorted my memory usage, as shown below | If you type ''M'', the processes will be sorted my memory usage, as shown below | ||
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| | **q** | Quit | | | **q** | Quit | | ||
| - | | **c** | Display the command line options of the running processes| | + | | **c** | Display the command line options of the running processes | |
| | **u** | List only the processes of a specific user | | | **u** | List only the processes of a specific user | | ||
| + | | **M** | Sort by memory usage (''%MEM'' columun) | | ||
| + | | **P** | Sort by CPU usage (''%CPU'' columun) (Default) | | ||
| + | ==== Using the kill command to terminate processes ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | FIXME | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''kill proc_number'' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''kill -9 -1'' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''qdel'' | ||
| ===== Which disks should you use? ===== | ===== Which disks should you use? ===== | ||
| Line 309: | Line 356: | ||
| * tcsh shell users: ''.cshrc'' and ''.login'' | * tcsh shell users: ''.cshrc'' and ''.login'' | ||
| * bash shell users: ''.profile'' and ''.bashrc'' | * bash shell users: ''.profile'' and ''.bashrc'' | ||
| - | * emacs text editor: ''.emacs'' | + | * [[other:emacs_doc|emacs text editor]]: ''.emacs'' |
| * You can go to your home directory by typing ''cd'' (no arguments),\\ and to the home directory of somebody else with ''cd ~login_name'' | * You can go to your home directory by typing ''cd'' (no arguments),\\ and to the home directory of somebody else with ''cd ~login_name'' | ||
| * At LSCE, you can't read the content of somebody else's //home// directory by default | * At LSCE, you can't read the content of somebody else's //home// directory by default | ||
| Line 376: | Line 423: | ||
| ...</code> | ...</code> | ||
| + | FIXME Add something about ''df'' | ||
| ===== Which programs should you use? ===== | ===== Which programs should you use? ===== | ||
| Line 453: | Line 501: | ||
| There are **lots of text editors available** on Linux computers/servers (''emacs'', ''nano'', ''vi'', ''vim'', ''gvim'', ''gedit'', ...). You can use them: | There are **lots of text editors available** on Linux computers/servers (''emacs'', ''nano'', ''vi'', ''vim'', ''gvim'', ''gedit'', ...). You can use them: | ||
| + | |||
| * In basic **text terminals** | * In basic **text terminals** | ||
| - | * useful if you are in a hurry, and/or working on a remote server with a bad network connection or have no local [[other:x_conf|X server]] running | + | * **If you only need to read a text file**, use a //pager// like [[http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less|less]] (or ''more''): ''less my_text_file.txt'' |
| - | * you should know the basic commands and shortcuts! Some text editors (e.g ''nano'') fortunately display some help at the bottom of the screen | + | * ''SPACE'' goes down one page |
| + | * ''b'' (//back//) goes back one page | ||
| + | * ''/STRING'' looks for ''STRING'' in the text (then ''n''ext, ''p''revious, ''q''uit) | ||
| + | * ''q'' exits | ||
| + | * **[[#gnu_nano|nano]] is probably the easiest editor in text mode** to use! | ||
| + | * Useful if you are in a hurry, and/or working on a remote server with a bad network connection or have no local [[other:x_conf|X server]] running | ||
| + | * You should know the basic commands and shortcuts! | ||
| * With a **full Graphical User Interface** (aka //GUI//) allowing you to use the mouse+menus/buttons/etc... | * With a **full Graphical User Interface** (aka //GUI//) allowing you to use the mouse+menus/buttons/etc... | ||
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| <note important>Read the **dedicated [[other:emacs_doc|Using emacs]] page**, and become a power user!</note> | <note important>Read the **dedicated [[other:emacs_doc|Using emacs]] page**, and become a power user!</note> | ||
| + | === Gnu nano === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <note tip>Gnu [[https://www.nano-editor.org/|nano]] is probably the easiest text editor in text mode to use!</note> | ||
| + | You can easily view/edit a file by just typing ''nano my_text_file.txt'' in a terminal, and looking at the instructions displayed at the bottom of the screen (e.g. ''^X Exit'' means that you can exit the editor by typing ''CTRL-X'') | ||
| === vi (vim, gvim) === | === vi (vim, gvim) === | ||
other/newppl/starting.txt · Last modified: 2024/04/24 12:37 by jypeter
