Differences

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--- other:win10wsl [2022/09/15 16:17] – [Specifying a correct system language] Added link to WSLtty options jypeter
+++ other:win10wsl [2022/09/19 14:21] – [Package management] Improved jypeter
@@ Line 414: / Line 414: @@
       * {{ :other:wsltty_text_options.png?direct&250 |}}
     * You can access even more options with CTRL+right-click
-    * You can cycle between the open WSLtty terminals with CTRL+Tab and Shift+CTRL+Tab
+    * Note: the WSLtty (non-default) settings are stored in: ''C:\Users\jypeter\AppData\Roaming\wsltty\config''
+  * You can cycle between the open WSLtty terminals with CTRL+Tab and Shift+CTRL+Tab
   * Extra [[https://github.com/mintty/mintty/wiki|technical stuff]] (on the Mintty wiki)
@@ Line 585: / Line 586: @@
 ==== Package management ====
-[[https://www.howtogeek.com/63997/how-to-install-programs-in-ubuntu-in-the-command-line/|apt-get tutorial]] if you are more used to Fedora/RedHat ''yum''/''dnf'' and //rpm// packages
+=== How does it work ? ===
-  * Install the **aptitude** package manager: ''apt-get install aptitude''
+  * **Ubuntu applications** are distributed through package files in **//Debian// format** (''.deb'' files) that are found in [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Applications#Software_repositories|software repositories]]
-    * [[https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/aptitude|details]] (fr)
-  * Install the **synaptic** package manager: ''aptitude install synaptic''
-    * [[https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/synaptic|details]] (fr)
+  * High level package management tools such as ''aptitude'' or ''synaptic'' rely on ''apt'' which, itself, relies on ''dpkg'' to manage the packages in the system
+    * The ''apt'' tool merges functionality of ''apt-get'' and ''apt-cache'' and by default has a fancier colored output format, making it more pleasant for humans. For usage in scripts or advanced use cases, ''apt-get'' is still preferable or needed
+    * ''apt*'' tools and ''dpkg'' are pre-installed on Ubuntu
+    * [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/pkgtools.en.html#aptitude|aptitude]] can be used on the command-line or through a **text-based interface**
+      * You do not need to have an [[other:x_conf|X server]] running to use ''aptitude'', therefore aptitude can be used in the early stages of a Linux installation, or on a remote Linux computer
+    * [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/pkgtools.en.html#synaptic|synaptic]] is a graphical package manager
+      * You need to have an [[other:x_conf|X server]] running in order to use it
-=== Useful commands ===
+  * All the details can be found in [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/pkgtools.en.html|The Debian package management tools]]
+=== What about snap ? ===
+FIXME [[https://snapcraft.io/docs|Snap documentation]]
+=== Installing extra package managers ===
+  * Installation: ''sudo apt install aptitude synaptic''
+    * It may install lots of dependencies, but that's to be expected if no other packages have been installed yet\\ <code>$ sudo apt install aptitude synaptic
+Reading package lists... Done
+Building dependency tree
+Reading state information... Done
+[...]
+The following NEW packages will be installed:
+  adwaita-icon-theme aptitude aptitude-common at-spi2-core cpp cpp-9 fontconfig gcc-9-base
+[...]
+  x11-xserver-utils xdg-utils
+upgraded, 129 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
+Need to get 31.2 MB of archives.
+After this operation, 137 MB of additional disk space will be used.
+Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
+</code>
+  * Documentation:
+    * ''apt'':
+      * EN: [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/pkgtools.en.html#apt-get|apt @ Debian]]\\ [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AptGet/Howto|Package management with APT @ Ubuntu]]
+      * FR: [[https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/apt-cli|apt @ ubuntu-fr]]
+    * ''aptitude'':
+      * EN: [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AptitudeSurvivalGuide|Aptitude Survival Guide @ Ubuntu]]
+      * FR: [[https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/aptitude|aptitude @ ubuntu-fr]]
+    * ''synaptic'':
+      * EN: [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SynapticHowto|synaptic Howto @ Ubuntu]]
+      * FR: [[https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/synaptic|synaptic @ ubuntu-fr]]
+=== Some useful commands ===
+  * ''apt update'': update the list of packages known by your system
+  * ''apt upgrade'': upgrade all the packages on your system
+  * ''apt search word'': find packages whose description contain ''word''
+  * ''apt install foo'': install the ''foo'' package and all its dependencies
+  * ''apt show package'': print the detailed information of a package
+  * ''apt remove foo'': remove the foo package from your system
   * ''dpkg -l'': list installed packages
@@ Line 603: / Line 652: @@
 <code>$ dpkg -l | grep -i wsl
-ii  ubuntu-wsl                      1.417.3                            amd64        Ubuntu on Windows tools - Windows Subsystem for Linux integration
+ii  ubuntu-wsl                        1.450.2                           amd64        Ubuntu on Windows tools - Windows Subsystem for Linux integration
-ii  wslu                            2.3.2-0ubuntu2~18.04.3             all          collection of utilities for the Windows 10 Linux Subsystem
+ii  wslu                              2.3.6-0ubuntu2~20.04.0            all          collection of utilities for the Windows 10 Linux Subsystem
 $ dpkg -L wslu
 /.
-/etc
-/etc/profile.d
 /usr
 /usr/bin
@@ Line 618: / Line 665: @@
 /usr/bin/wslvar
 /usr/bin/wslview
+[...]
+$ apt show wslu
+Package: wslu
+Version: 2.3.6-0ubuntu2~20.04.0
+[...]
+Description: collection of utilities for the Windows 10 Linux Subsystem
 [...]</code>
+=== Adding useful packages ===
+There is not that much installed by default in Ubuntu, and we use ''apt insall'' to get ready for some real work!
+<code>$ sudo apt install gcc libglu1-mesa mesa-utils x11-apps xterm xfce4-terminal emacs evince eog imagemagick nco cdo netcdf-bin ncview</code>
+Notes:
+  * Some of the installed packages (''nco cdo netcdf-bin ncview'') are used for handling data files in //NetCDF format// may not be useful to people outside LSCE
+  * Adding lots of extra packages requires **much more disk space**, and the size of the ''.vhdx'' will increase significantly!
+    * <code>$ ls -lh /mnt/d/WSL_Distributions/Ubuntu_custom/ext4.vhdx
+.7G Sep 16 18:02 /mnt/d/WSL_Distributions/Ubuntu_custom/ext4.vhdx</code>
+    * Size of the [[other:win10wsl#creating_a_backup|backup]] after adding the extra packages: we go from 549 Mb to 1.2 Gb!\\ 1.2G Sep 19 13:52 WSL_Ubuntu_20.04.5_LTS_stdu_22-09-19.tar.gz
 ==== Using an X server ====