other:putty_conf
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other:putty_conf [2023/03/15 16:05] jypeter [Converting existing ssh keys with PuTTYgen] Finished this section? |
other:putty_conf [2023/03/23 16:37] jypeter Clarified the different types of files |
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| === New profile for a direct connection to a remote server === | === New profile for a direct connection to a remote server === | ||
| - | * Select an existing session (e.g. the [[#creating_a_new_session|ssh1 profile]] defined above) and click on **Load** | + | * Select an existing (and correctly configured) session (e.g. the [[#creating_a_new_session|ssh1 profile]] defined above) and click on **Load** |
| * Update the values of the **Host Name** and **Saved Session** (the name of the new profile you want) text fields, and settings | * Update the values of the **Host Name** and **Saved Session** (the name of the new profile you want) text fields, and settings | ||
| * Example: connecting to **LSCE from INSIDE LSCE**\\ (inside <=> computer connected to the wired network): | * Example: connecting to **LSCE from INSIDE LSCE**\\ (inside <=> computer connected to the wired network): | ||
| * ''Host Name'' => ''obelix'' | * ''Host Name'' => ''obelix'' | ||
| * ''Saved Session'' => ''obelix (direct connection)'' | * ''Saved Session'' => ''obelix (direct connection)'' | ||
| - | * Example: connecting to [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/MESO_User/Quick_start.html|ciclad]]: | + | * Example: connecting to [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/spirit_clusters/head_nodes.html|spirit]]: |
| - | * ''Host Name'' => ''ciclad.ipsl.upmc.fr'' | + | * ''Host Name'' => ''spirit1.ipsl.fr'' |
| - | * ''Saved Session'' => ''ciclad'' | + | * You can also use ''spirit2'', ''spiritx1'' or ''spiritx2'' depending on [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/spirit_clusters/head_nodes.html|which IPSL server you want to access]] |
| - | * do not forget to **specify your ciclad login** in: ''Connection'' => ''Data'' => ''Auto-login username'' | + | * ''Saved Session'' => ''spirit1'' |
| - | * you will also need an [[other:putty_conf#using_ssh_keys|ssh key]] if you want to connect to ''ciclad'' !! | + | * do not forget to **specify your IPSL login** in: ''Connection'' => ''Data'' => ''Auto-login username'' |
| - | * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'' and **Save** the session | + | * you will also need an [[other:putty_conf#using_ssh_keys|ssh key]] if you want to connect to one of the IPSL ''spirit'' servers !! |
| + | * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'' and <wrap em>**Save** the session</wrap> | ||
| === New profile with a connection through a gateway === | === New profile with a connection through a gateway === | ||
| * Select an existing //gateway// session (e.g. ''ssh1'') and click on **Load**.\\ For connecting to LSCE **from OUTSIDE LSCE**, select the [[#creating_a_new_session|ssh1 profile]]\\ If you are at LSCE, but use the //eduroam// or the //guest// **WiFi network**, you are considered as being //outside LSCE//! | * Select an existing //gateway// session (e.g. ''ssh1'') and click on **Load**.\\ For connecting to LSCE **from OUTSIDE LSCE**, select the [[#creating_a_new_session|ssh1 profile]]\\ If you are at LSCE, but use the //eduroam// or the //guest// **WiFi network**, you are considered as being //outside LSCE//! | ||
| - | * In the ''Connection'' => ''SSH'' category, specify the command used to connect to the target server in the **Remote command** field\\ e.g. **for LSCE**, use: | + | * In the ''Connection'' => ''SSH'' category, specify the command used to connect to the target server from the //gateway//, in the **Remote command** field\\ e.g. **for LSCE**, use: |
| * ''ssh -X -A obelix'' (check the [[other:ssh#standard_usage|useful ssh options]] for more details on the options)\\ {{ :other:putty_10b.png?direct |}} | * ''ssh -X -A obelix'' (check the [[other:ssh#standard_usage|useful ssh options]] for more details on the options)\\ {{ :other:putty_10b.png?direct |}} | ||
| - | * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'', <wrap hi>specify a new profile name</wrap> in **Saved Sessions** (e.g. ''obelix via ssh1'') and **Save** the session\\ {{ :other:putty_11.png?direct |}} | + | * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'', <wrap hi>specify a new profile name</wrap> in **Saved Sessions** (e.g. ''obelix via ssh1'') and <wrap em>**Save** the session</wrap>\\ {{ :other:putty_11.png?direct |}} |
| ===== Daily usage of PuTTY/Pageant ===== | ===== Daily usage of PuTTY/Pageant ===== | ||
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| <WRAP center round alert 60%> | <WRAP center round alert 60%> | ||
| - | In this section, we will use files that have the same base name, and different extensions. | + | In this section, we will use //key// files that have the same base name, and **different extensions**: e.g. ''id_ed25519'', ''id_ed25519**.pub**'' and ''id_ed25519**.ppk**'' |
| You should **make sure that you can [[other:win10config#displaying_hidden_folders_and_files_and_the_files_extension|see hidden folders, and files' extensions]]** before you go further! | You should **make sure that you can [[other:win10config#displaying_hidden_folders_and_files_and_the_files_extension|see hidden folders, and files' extensions]]** before you go further! | ||
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| - | Read the [[other:ssh#using_ssh_keys|Using ssh keys]] section if you don't know what //ssh keys// are | + | Read the [[other:ssh#using_ssh_keys|Using ssh keys]] section if you don't already know what //ssh keys// are |
| <WRAP center round important 80%> | <WRAP center round important 80%> | ||
| * **Do not lose** the (existing) ssh keys files you have, or the keys that you will create | * **Do not lose** the (existing) ssh keys files you have, or the keys that you will create | ||
| Line 133: | Line 134: | ||
| * Read [[other:ssh#some_common_sense_advice|Do not forget your passphrase!]] if you need some advice about passphrases | * Read [[other:ssh#some_common_sense_advice|Do not forget your passphrase!]] if you need some advice about passphrases | ||
| - | * The best thing to do is probably to **keep the keys in the standard [[other:ssh#configuration_files|ssh configuration directory]]**! | + | * The best thing to do is probably to **store the //key// files in the standard [[other:ssh#configuration_files|ssh configuration directory]]** of each desktop/laptop/servers you use! |
| </WRAP> | </WRAP> | ||
| ==== Converting existing ssh keys with PuTTYgen ==== | ==== Converting existing ssh keys with PuTTYgen ==== | ||
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| * Make sure that the selected //Type of key to generate// (at the bottom of the ''PuTTYgen'' window) is ''EdDSA'' (short for //Edwards-curve DSA//), with the default ''255'' bits.\\ This will generate **//ed25519// keys** that are now recommended on the IPSL servers | * Make sure that the selected //Type of key to generate// (at the bottom of the ''PuTTYgen'' window) is ''EdDSA'' (short for //Edwards-curve DSA//), with the default ''255'' bits.\\ This will generate **//ed25519// keys** that are now recommended on the IPSL servers | ||
| * {{:other:putty_23b.png?direct&500|}} | * {{:other:putty_23b.png?direct&500|}} | ||
| - | * You could also use ''RSA'' and ''4096'' bits, but ''ed25519'' keys are now recommended on the IPSL servers | + | * You could also use ''RSA'' and ''4096'' bits, but ''ed25519'' keys are now recommended to access the [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/spirit_clusters/head_nodes.html|IPSL servers]] |
| * Click on the ''Generate'' button and move your mouse to generate some random information | * Click on the ''Generate'' button and move your mouse to generate some random information | ||
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| * Read [[other:ssh#some_common_sense_advice|Do not forget your passphrase!]] if you need some advice about passphrases | * Read [[other:ssh#some_common_sense_advice|Do not forget your passphrase!]] if you need some advice about passphrases | ||
| - | * Click on the ''Save private key'' button, and create an ''id_ed25519**.ppk**'' file | + | * Click on the ''Save private key'' button, and create the ''id_ed25519**.ppk**'' **Pageant //private// key file** |
| + | * We recommend that you save this file in the the Windows [[other:ssh#configuration_files|ssh configuration directory]]\\ => ''C:\Users\your_windows_login\.ssh\id_ed25519.ppk'' | ||
| * Note: files with a ''.ppk'' extension can only be used by ''PuTTY''/''pageant''. That's why you also need to //export// the private key, as shown below | * Note: files with a ''.ppk'' extension can only be used by ''PuTTY''/''pageant''. That's why you also need to //export// the private key, as shown below | ||
| - | * **Important!** Click ''Conversions''=>''Export OpenSSH Key'' and create an ''id_ed25519'' file (a text file with **no** ''.ppk'' extension) | + | * **Important!** Click ''Conversions''=>''Export OpenSSH Key'' and create the ''id_ed25519'' **standard //private// key file** (a text file with **no** ''.ppk'' extension) |
| + | * => ''C:\Users\your_windows_login\.ssh\id_ed25519'' | ||
| * You will not need this file when you use ''PuTTY'', but you may need to use this private key in a standard text format later, on Linux computers/servers | * You will not need this file when you use ''PuTTY'', but you may need to use this private key in a standard text format later, on Linux computers/servers | ||
| - | * Open a text editor and create an ''id_ed25519**.pub**'' file | + | * Open a text editor and create the ''id_ed25519**.pub**'' **standard //public// key file** |
| - | * Save the content of the ''Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file'' field in the file\\ Something looking like\\ <code>ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI[... lots of characters ...]vwjLNmY eddsa-key-20230310</code> | + | * => ''C:\Users\your_windows_login\.ssh\id_ed25519.pub'' |
| + | * Save the content of the ''Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file'' field in the ''id_ed25519**.pub**'' file\\ Something looking like\\ <code>ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI[... lots of characters ...]vwjLNmY eddsa-key-20230310</code> | ||
| + | * This is the **//public// key** that you will need to [[other:ssh#installing_ssh_keys|install]] on all the remote Linux server that you want to connect to using the ssh agent, instead of typing your password | ||
| - | * Click on the ''Save public key'' button, and create a ''id_ed25519**.pub**'' file | + | * **WARNING!** Do **not** use the ''Save public key'' button to create the public key file, because the resulting file will not be standard enough to be used directly on Linux computers |
| - | * You will need to [[other:ssh#installing_ssh_keys|install the public key]] on all the remote Linux server that you want to connect to using the ssh agent, instead of typing your password | + | |
| ==== Using the private key in Pageant ==== | ==== Using the private key in Pageant ==== | ||
other/putty_conf.txt · Last modified: 2024/05/29 15:43 by jypeter
