other:putty_conf
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other:putty_conf [2023/03/23 09:40] jypeter [Using ssh keys with PuTTY/Pageant] Improved, example key file names |
other:putty_conf [2024/02/15 13:27] (current) jypeter [Changing some useful settings] |
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| You can install the latest version of PuTTY directly from [[https://apps.microsoft.com/store/detail/XPFNZKSKLBP7RJ|Microsoft Store]], or download the latest [[https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html|64-bit msi installer]] | You can install the latest version of PuTTY directly from [[https://apps.microsoft.com/store/detail/XPFNZKSKLBP7RJ|Microsoft Store]], or download the latest [[https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html|64-bit msi installer]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Updating PuTTY ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Download the latest version, or just type ''winget upgrade --id XPFNZKSKLBP7RJ'' in a [[other:win10apps#windows_terminal|Windows Terminal]] | ||
| ===== Launching PuTTY/Pageant ===== | ===== Launching PuTTY/Pageant ===== | ||
| - | You could directly launch PuTTY (''Start'' => ''PuTTY'' => ''PuTTY''), but it is actually **more efficient** to launch ''Pageant'', especially if you are often going to connect to the same server(s) | + | You could directly launch PuTTY (''Start'' => ''PuTTY'' => ''PuTTY''), but it is actually **more efficient** to use ''Pageant'' for opening terminals, especially if you are often going to connect to the same server(s) |
| Starting ''Pageant'': ''Start'' => ''PuTTY'' => ''Pageant'' | Starting ''Pageant'': ''Start'' => ''PuTTY'' => ''Pageant'' | ||
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| * It will seem that nothing happens when you start ''Pageant'', but you should get the ''Pageant'' icon at the bottom right of your screen.\\ {{ :other:putty_01_notes_v2.png?direct |}} | * It will seem that nothing happens when you start ''Pageant'', but you should get the ''Pageant'' icon at the bottom right of your screen.\\ {{ :other:putty_01_notes_v2.png?direct |}} | ||
| - | * If you right click on the ''Pageant'' icon, you can manage sessions with the ''New Session'' option, use ''Saved Sessions'' profiles and manage //ssh keys// (''View Keys'', ''Add Key'').\\ You can also view/add //ssh keys// by double clicking on the pageant icon\\ {{ :other:putty_02.png?direct |}} | + | * If you right click on the ''Pageant'' icon, you can manage sessions with the ''New Session'' option, use ''Saved Sessions'' profiles and manage //ssh keys// (''View Keys'', ''Add Key'').\\ You can also view/add //ssh keys// by double-clicking on the ''Pageant'' icon\\ {{ :other:putty_02.png?direct |}} |
| ===== Configuring PuTTY ===== | ===== Configuring PuTTY ===== | ||
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| * **Paste** text with the **middle button**\\ {{ :other:putty_05.png?direct |}} | * **Paste** text with the **middle button**\\ {{ :other:putty_05.png?direct |}} | ||
| * In the ''Window'' => ''Appearance'' category: | * In the ''Window'' => ''Appearance'' category: | ||
| - | * You can **choose a font more readable than the default one**!\\ We recommend the **Cascadia Code** font that comes with the [[other:win10apps#windows_terminal|Windows Terminal]] application (which means that you first have to **install //Windows Terminal// first**, but you will probably need it anyway) | + | * You can **choose a font more readable than the default one**!\\ We recommend the **Cascadia Code** font that comes with the [[other:win10apps#windows_terminal|Windows Terminal]] application (which means that you first have to **install //Windows Terminal// first**, but you will probably need it anyway)\\ IF //Windows Terminal// is not installed yet, you can select the modern **[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolas|Consolas]]** font in the list of available fonts |
| - | * Use the ''Change...'' button in the ''Font settings'' section, and select ''Cascadia Code'' and ''Regular'' (you can also experiment with styles different from ''Regular'', and different font sizes)\\ {{ :other:putty_cascadia_font.png?direct |}} {{ :other:putty_cascadia_styles.png?direct |}} | + | * Use the ''Change...'' button in the ''Font settings'' section, and select ''Cascadia Code'' and ''Regular'' (you can also experiment with styles different from ''Regular'', and different font sizes), or ''Consolas'' and ''Regular'' or ''Bold''\\ {{ :other:putty_cascadia_font.png?direct |}} {{ :other:putty_cascadia_styles.png?direct |}} |
| * In the ''Connection'' => ''Data'' category: | * In the ''Connection'' => ''Data'' category: | ||
| - | * Specify your login name (on the LSCE servers) in **Auto-login username**. This way you won't have to type it when you connect to the Linux server!\\ {{ :other:putty_06.png?direct |}} | + | * Specify your login name (on the LSCE servers) in **Auto-login username**. This way you won't have to type it when you connect to the Linux server!\\ {{ :other:putty_06_v2.png?direct |}} |
| + | * You should also specify ''xterm-256color'' instead of the default ''xterm'' terminal type in the ''Terminal-type string'' field. This will allow you to display nicer colors in the terminals (for the applications that use fancy colors) | ||
| + | * You can later open a terminal and type ''msgcat %%--%%color=test'', and check if you get something like\\ {{ :other:putty_256colors.png?direct&200 |}} | ||
| * In the ''Connection'' => ''SSH'' => ''Kex'' category: | * In the ''Connection'' => ''SSH'' => ''Kex'' category: | ||
| * **<wrap hi>Unselect Attempt GSSAPI key exchange</wrap>**!\\ If you forget to do this, connecting to a server will seem to take forever (if it works at all)...\\ {{ :other:putty_gssapi.png?direct |}} | * **<wrap hi>Unselect Attempt GSSAPI key exchange</wrap>**!\\ If you forget to do this, connecting to a server will seem to take forever (if it works at all)...\\ {{ :other:putty_gssapi.png?direct |}} | ||
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| * Example: connecting to [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/spirit_clusters/head_nodes.html|spirit]]: | * Example: connecting to [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/spirit_clusters/head_nodes.html|spirit]]: | ||
| * ''Host Name'' => ''spirit1.ipsl.fr'' | * ''Host Name'' => ''spirit1.ipsl.fr'' | ||
| + | * <wrap em>WARNING!</wrap> You can only connect to spirit using a pair of //ssh keys//. Be sure to read the [[other:putty_conf#using_ssh_keys_with_putty_pageant|Using ssh keys with PuTTY/Pageant]] section below | ||
| * You can also use ''spirit2'', ''spiritx1'' or ''spiritx2'' depending on [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/spirit_clusters/head_nodes.html|which IPSL server you want to access]] | * You can also use ''spirit2'', ''spiritx1'' or ''spiritx2'' depending on [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/spirit_clusters/head_nodes.html|which IPSL server you want to access]] | ||
| * ''Saved Session'' => ''spirit1'' | * ''Saved Session'' => ''spirit1'' | ||
| * do not forget to **specify your IPSL login** in: ''Connection'' => ''Data'' => ''Auto-login username'' | * do not forget to **specify your IPSL login** in: ''Connection'' => ''Data'' => ''Auto-login username'' | ||
| - | * you will also need an [[other:putty_conf#using_ssh_keys|ssh key]] if you want to connect to one of the IPSL ''spirit'' servers !! | ||
| * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'' and <wrap em>**Save** the session</wrap> | * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'' and <wrap em>**Save** the session</wrap> | ||
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| * Make sure that the selected //Type of key to generate// (at the bottom of the ''PuTTYgen'' window) is ''EdDSA'' (short for //Edwards-curve DSA//), with the default ''255'' bits.\\ This will generate **//ed25519// keys** that are now recommended on the IPSL servers | * Make sure that the selected //Type of key to generate// (at the bottom of the ''PuTTYgen'' window) is ''EdDSA'' (short for //Edwards-curve DSA//), with the default ''255'' bits.\\ This will generate **//ed25519// keys** that are now recommended on the IPSL servers | ||
| * {{:other:putty_23b.png?direct&500|}} | * {{:other:putty_23b.png?direct&500|}} | ||
| - | * You could also use ''RSA'' and ''4096'' bits, but ''ed25519'' keys are now recommended on the IPSL servers | + | * You could also use ''RSA'' and ''4096'' bits, but ''ed25519'' keys are now recommended to access the [[https://documentations.ipsl.fr/spirit/spirit_clusters/head_nodes.html|IPSL servers]] |
| * Click on the ''Generate'' button and move your mouse to generate some random information | * Click on the ''Generate'' button and move your mouse to generate some random information | ||
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| * Read [[other:ssh#some_common_sense_advice|Do not forget your passphrase!]] if you need some advice about passphrases | * Read [[other:ssh#some_common_sense_advice|Do not forget your passphrase!]] if you need some advice about passphrases | ||
| - | * Click on the ''Save private key'' button, and create an ''id_ed25519**.ppk**'' file | + | * Click on the ''Save private key'' button, and create the ''id_ed25519**.ppk**'' **Pageant //private// key file** |
| + | * We recommend that you save this file in the the Windows [[other:ssh#configuration_files|ssh configuration directory]]\\ => ''C:\Users\your_windows_login\.ssh\id_ed25519.ppk'' | ||
| * Note: files with a ''.ppk'' extension can only be used by ''PuTTY''/''pageant''. That's why you also need to //export// the private key, as shown below | * Note: files with a ''.ppk'' extension can only be used by ''PuTTY''/''pageant''. That's why you also need to //export// the private key, as shown below | ||
| - | * **Important!** Click ''Conversions''=>''Export OpenSSH Key'' and create an ''id_ed25519'' file (a text file with **no** ''.ppk'' extension) | + | * **Important!** Click ''Conversions''=>''Export OpenSSH Key'' and create the ''id_ed25519'' **standard //private// key file** (a text file with **no** ''.ppk'' extension) |
| + | * => ''C:\Users\your_windows_login\.ssh\id_ed25519'' | ||
| * You will not need this file when you use ''PuTTY'', but you may need to use this private key in a standard text format later, on Linux computers/servers | * You will not need this file when you use ''PuTTY'', but you may need to use this private key in a standard text format later, on Linux computers/servers | ||
| - | * Open a text editor and create an ''id_ed25519**.pub**'' file | + | * Open a text editor and create the ''id_ed25519**.pub**'' **standard //public// key file** |
| - | * Save the content of the ''Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file'' field in the file\\ Something looking like\\ <code>ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI[... lots of characters ...]vwjLNmY eddsa-key-20230310</code> | + | * => ''C:\Users\your_windows_login\.ssh\id_ed25519.pub'' |
| + | * Save the content of the ''Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file'' field in the ''id_ed25519**.pub**'' file\\ Something looking like\\ <code>ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI[... lots of characters ...]vwjLNmY eddsa-key-20230310</code> | ||
| + | * This is the **//public// key** that you will need to [[other:ssh#installing_ssh_keys|install]] on all the remote Linux server that you want to connect to using the ssh agent, instead of typing your password | ||
| - | * Click on the ''Save public key'' button, and create a ''id_ed25519**.pub**'' file | + | * **WARNING!** Do **not** use the ''Save public key'' button to create the public key file, because the resulting file will not be standard enough to be used directly on Linux computers |
| - | * You will need to [[other:ssh#installing_ssh_keys|install the public key]] on all the remote Linux server that you want to connect to using the ssh agent, instead of typing your password | + | |
| ==== Using the private key in Pageant ==== | ==== Using the private key in Pageant ==== | ||
other/putty_conf.1679564404.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/03/23 09:40 by jypeter
