other:putty_conf
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other:putty_conf [2020/08/03 13:12] jypeter |
other:putty_conf [2022/08/01 15:17] jypeter [Creating a new session] Improved |
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| ===== Installation ===== | ===== Installation ===== | ||
| - | Download and install the [[https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/|latest version of PuTTY]] | + | [[https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/|PuTTY Web site]] |
| + | |||
| + | You can install the latest version of PuTTY directly from [[https://apps.microsoft.com/store/detail/XPFNZKSKLBP7RJ|Microsoft Store]], or download the latest [[https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html|64-bit msi installer]] | ||
| ===== Launching PuTTY/Pageant ===== | ===== Launching PuTTY/Pageant ===== | ||
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| ''Start'' => ''PuTTY'' => ''Pageant'' | ''Start'' => ''PuTTY'' => ''Pageant'' | ||
| - | * It will seem that nothing happens, but you should get the //Pageant// icon at the bottom right of your screen.\\ {{ :other:putty_01_notes_v2.png?direct |}}\\ Pageant will allow you to create or use existing connection profiles (//Sessions//), and also easily use //ssh keys// (more on //ssh keys// later) | + | * It will seem that nothing happens, but you should get the //Pageant// icon at the bottom right of your screen.\\ {{ :other:putty_01_notes_v2.png?direct |}}\\ Pageant will allow you to create or use existing connection profiles (//Sessions//), and also easily use [[other:putty_conf#using_ssh_keys|ssh keys]] |
| - | * If you right click on the //Pageant// icon, you can manage sessions with the ''New Session'' option, use ''Saved Sessions'' profiles and manage //ssh keys// (''View Keys'', ''Add Key'').\\ You can also view/add keys by double clicking on the pageant icon\\ {{ :other:putty_02.png?direct |}} | + | * If you right click on the //Pageant// icon, you can manage sessions with the ''New Session'' option, use ''Saved Sessions'' profiles and manage //ssh keys// (''View Keys'', ''Add Key'').\\ You can also view/add //ssh keys// by double clicking on the pageant icon\\ {{ :other:putty_02.png?direct |}} |
| ===== Configuring PuTTY ===== | ===== Configuring PuTTY ===== | ||
| - | Launch the session/configuration manager: (Right click on) ''Pageant'' => ''New Session''\\ {{ :other:putty_03.png?direct&300 |}} | + | Launch the PuTTY Configuration manager: (Right click on) ''Pageant'' => ''New Session''\\ {{ :other:putty_03.png?direct&300 |}} |
| - | * You can keep most PuTTY's default settings. This section will show you how to create your first //session profile//, with some useful options. If you want to add another session later, just ''Load'' an existing (and properly configured) session, ''Save'' it under a new name, and the change the session details | + | * You can keep most PuTTY's default settings. This section will show you how to create your first //session profile//, with some useful options.\\ If you want to add another session later, just ''Load'' an existing (and properly configured) session, ''Save'' it under a new name, change the session details, and then save the session again |
| - | * When changing a setting, select a (sub-)**Category in the left part** of the PuTTY Configuration windows, and change the displayed **settings in the right part** of the window. | + | * When changing a setting, select a (sub-)**Category in the left part** of the PuTTY Configuration window, and change the displayed **settings in the right part** of the window. |
| - | * After changing the settings of an existing Session, **do not forget to go back to the //Session// category and click ''Save''!** | + | * After changing the settings of an existing Session, **do not forget to go back to the //Session// category (at the top left of the Putty Configuration window) and click ''Save''!** |
| ==== Creating a new session ==== | ==== Creating a new session ==== | ||
| - | In the ''Session'' category: | + | In the ''Session'' Category: |
| - | * Specify a **Host Name**: e.g. ''ssh1.lsce.ipsl.fr'' for the LSCE access server | + | * Specify a **Host Name**: e.g. ''ssh1.lsce.ipsl.fr'' for the //LSCE access server// (also called //LSCE gateway//) |
| * Specify a matching session name in **Saved Sessions**: e.g. ''ssh1'' | * Specify a matching session name in **Saved Sessions**: e.g. ''ssh1'' | ||
| - | * Click on **Save** to save the session\\ {{ :other:putty_04.png?direct |}} | + | * Click on **Save** to save the new session (that will only have default settings for now)\\ {{ :other:putty_04.png?direct |}} |
| - | + | ||
| - | If you are in a hurry, you can connect to the Linux server by clicking on **Open**, but you should first change some useful settings | + | |
| + | If you are in a hurry, you can connect to the Linux server specified in the //Host Name// field by clicking on **Open** | ||
| ==== Changing some useful settings ==== | ==== Changing some useful settings ==== | ||
| Line 52: | Line 53: | ||
| === Direct connection to a remote server === | === Direct connection to a remote server === | ||
| - | * Select an existing session and click on **Load** | + | * Select an existing session (e.g. the [[#creating_a_new_session|ssh1 profile]] defined above) and click on **Load** |
| - | * Update the **Host Name**, **Saved Session** name (the name of the new profile you want) and settings | + | * Update the values of the **Host Name** and **Saved Session** (the name of the new profile you want) text fields, and settings\\ e.g. for connecting to LSCE **from INSIDE LSCE** use: |
| + | * ''Host Name'' => ''obelix'' | ||
| + | * ''Saved Session'' => ''obelix (direct connection)'' | ||
| * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'' and **Save** the session | * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'' and **Save** the session | ||
| === Connection through a gateway === | === Connection through a gateway === | ||
| - | * Select an existing //gateway// session and click on **Load**.\\ For connecting to LSCE from outside LSCE, select the [[#creating_a_new_session|ssh1 profile]] | + | * Select an existing //gateway// session and click on **Load**.\\ For connecting to LSCE **from OUTSIDE LSCE**, select the [[#creating_a_new_session|ssh1 profile]]\\ If you are at LSCE, but use the //eduroam// or the //guest// **WiFi network**, you are considered as being //outside LSCE//! |
| - | * In the ''Connection'' => ''SSH'' category, specify the command used to connect to the target server in the **Remote command** field\\ e.g. for LSCE, use ''ssh obelix''\\ {{ :other:putty_10.png?direct |}} | + | * In the ''Connection'' => ''SSH'' category, specify the command used to connect to the target server in the **Remote command** field\\ e.g. **for LSCE**, use: |
| + | * ''ssh -X -A obelix'' (check the [[other:ssh#standard_usage|useful ssh options]] for more details on the options)\\ {{ :other:putty_10.png?direct |}} | ||
| * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'', specify a new profile name in **Saved Sessions** (e.g. ''obelix via ssh1'') and **Save** the session\\ {{ :other:putty_11.png?direct |}} | * Go back to ''Category'' => ''Session'', specify a new profile name in **Saved Sessions** (e.g. ''obelix via ssh1'') and **Save** the session\\ {{ :other:putty_11.png?direct |}} | ||
| - | ===== Using Putty/Pageant ===== | + | ===== Daily usage of PuTTY/Pageant ===== |
| + | |||
| + | Note: PuTTY will ask your password each time you open a session, unless you have [[#using_ssh_keys|ssh keys, and you use Pageant to store your passphrase]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Starting a session from Pageant ==== | ||
| - | ==== Using an pre-defined session ==== | + | Once you have [[#launching_putty_pageant|started pageant]], and [[#using_putty_pageant|configured sessions]], you can easily open terminals on the remote servers by right-clicking on the pageant icon, and selecting a **Saved Session**. \\ {{ :other:putty_12.png?direct |}} |
| - | Once you have started pageant, and configured a session, | + | ==== Starting a session from a desktop shortcut ==== |
| - | ===== Adding and configuring a new session ===== | + | It is also possible to create a shortcut on the desktop to start a specific session! |
| - | ===== Making ssh tunnels with Putty ===== | + | * Right-click on the desktop and select ''New'' => ''Shortcut'' |
| + | * Specify the location of ''putty.exe'': ''C:\Program Files\PuTTY\putty.exe'' | ||
| + | * Specify the name of the shortcut, and save the shortcut\\ e.g. ''obelix via ssh1'' | ||
| + | * Right-click on the shortcut and select **Properties**, then add the name of the desired profile to the existing target\\ e.g. ''"C:\Program Files\PuTTY\putty.exe" -load "obelix via ssh1"'' | ||
| + | * Click **OK** to save the changes | ||
| + | * You can now connect to the remote server just by clicking on the shortcut! | ||
| ===== Using ssh keys ===== | ===== Using ssh keys ===== | ||
| + | Read the [[other:ssh#using_ssh_keys|Using ssh keys]] section if you don't know what //ssh keys// are | ||
| ==== Existing ssh keys ==== | ==== Existing ssh keys ==== | ||
| ==== Importing or creating ssh keys with PuTTYgen ==== | ==== Importing or creating ssh keys with PuTTYgen ==== | ||
| + | * Launch the PuTTY Key Generator:\\ ''Start'' => ''PuTTY'' => ''PuTTYgen'' | ||
| + | * If you already have a private ssh keys generated on another computer, ''id_rsa'', you just have to use PuTTYgen to **import the private key**, and save it to a ''.ppk'' file that ''Pageant'' can use | ||
| + | * Import the key (and type the passphrase, when asked) with: ''Conversions''=>''Import key''\\ {{ :other:putty_21.png?direct&300 |}} | ||
| + | * Then click on the ''Save private key'' button, and create a ''id_rsa.ppk'' file (or ''any_name_you_want.ppk'')\\ {{ :other:putty_22.png?direct&300 |}} | ||
| + | * If you don't have a set of ssh keys, follow the steps below to **create private and public keys** | ||
| + | * Make sure that the type of key (at the bottom of the PuTTYgen window) is ''RSA'' and that the number of bits is ''4096'' | ||
| + | * Click on the ''Generate'' button and move your mouse to generate some random information | ||
| + | * Type your ''Key passphrase'' and confirm it | ||
| + | * Click on the ''Save private key'' button, and create a ''id_rsa.ppk'' file (or ''any_name_you_want.ppk'')\\ {{ :other:putty_23.png?direct&300 |}} | ||
| + | * Click on the ''Save public key'' button, and create a ''id_rsa.pub'' file | ||
| + | * Click on ''Conversions''=>''Export OpenSSH key'', and create a (standard) ''id_rsa'' file\\ You will not need this file with Putty, but it is just in case you need to use your private key later on a Linux computer | ||
other/putty_conf.txt · Last modified: 2024/05/29 15:43 by jypeter
